Aim of Academic Debate scientific debate 1 Debate

Aim of Academic Debate ( scientific debate) 1 - Debate theory, Seminars and Presentation 2 - Oral presentation skills 3 - Class Discussion 4 - Slide and Power Point presentation 5 - How to construct an argument 6 - Speaking and Listening 7 - Ethics of communication

8. Philosophy of science and generation of knowledge 9. Note taking 10. Effective poster presentation (in computer) 11. Speed reading 12. How to write a proposal 13. Essay and report writing skills 14. Reference management

Stages of a Scientific Investigation

The scientific method is a way to ask and answer scientific questions by making observations and doing experiments. The steps of the scientific method are to: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Ask a Question Do Background Research Construct a Hypothesis Test Your Hypothesis by Doing an Experiment Analyze Your Data and Draw a Conclusion Communicate Your Results

Scientific Method Steps: The observation is done first so that you know how you want to go about your research. The hypothesis is the answer you think you'll find. The prediction is your specific belief about the scientific idea: If my hypothesis is true, then I predict we will discover. . . The experiment is the tool that you invent to answer the question, and the conclusion is the answer that the experiment gives. Observe or wonder about something in our world, or in your class, and wonder how, why, when, something occurs.

Problem First you should know the problem that you wanted to solve. Determine your purpose for using scientific method. It is easier to come up with the answer if one thoroughly understands the problem. Problem/ Question: How does sunlight affect the growth of plant?

Hypothesis: A. Without the use of sunlight carbohydrates cannot be formed, thus, the reaction would not be complete and there would be no food for the plant. B. With the absence of sunlight plants cannot grow healthy. C. Without the enough sunlight plants wilt and die.

Background Research • Plants need sunlight. Houseplants lean toward the Sun, and if they do not get enough light they wilt and die. Plants use sunlight to make their food. This process is called photosynthesis. • Inside plants’ leaves, light causes air and water to combine to make new chemicals. These chemicals are food for the plants. • Sunlight shines on the leaf, and the green chlorophyll inside the chloroplasts absorb it up. Air enters the leaf through tiny holes in the leaf’s surface, called stomata. • Water is sucked from the ground by the plant’s roots. It travels through tubes cells.

• in a plant’s leaves contain even smaller, disc-shaped parts called chloroplasts • the photosynthesis to work, the chloroplasts need to collect three ingredients: sunlight, air, and water leaves. • When all three ingredients are present inside the chloroplasts, a chemical reaction takes place. The reaction takes place between a gas in air called carbon dioxide and hydrogen, a part of water. Sunlight causes these two to combine and make new chemicals called carbohydrates'. Carbohydrates are plant food. Plants use these chemicals to live and grow.

• Conclusion: • Therefore, it only proves that sunlight has a great effect in the reaction taking place inside the chloroplast. And without sunlight plants can’t live nor grow to the fullest.

Experiments • We are going to have two different set-ups. • Plant A would be place inside a box, with the absence of sunlight. • Plant B would be place outside the house with sufficient amount of sunlight. • After a week we observed the effect of sunlight the growth and development of the plants. • Plant A, which is place inside the box wilt and die. Due to the absence of the sunlight, photosynthesis never takes place. • Because as photosynthesis means, "putting things together using light, ” meaning without the use of sunlight other ingredients for the reaction of photosynthesis cannot takes place.

• What are the necessary information needed to solve your problem? • You need to have some observations regarding the problem you are trying to solve. • You also need to formulate questions that may lead you to more important details about the problem. .

There are three main types of references : 1. Books 2. Journals ( researches ) 3. Theses

Enter the reference information. Author: Year: Title: Journal: Volume: Issue: Pages:

Authors Names can be entered with the last name, followed by a comma and the first name/initials or the first name/initials followed by the last name, for example: q John Smith q J. Smith q Smith, John