1027 Get out your documentary notes and your

10/27 ◦ Get out your documentary notes and your article that was passed out to you last class! ◦ Get out a sheet of paper to add to your notes section when we finish with the documentary!

CONNOTATIVE AND FIGURATIVE MEANINGS

Connotation and Denotation ◦ Denotation is a word’s literal meaning ◦ The definition of frugal, according to Oxford dictionary, is “sparing or economical with regard to money” ◦ Connotation is the feeling that a specific word invokes ◦ Frugal has a positive connotation—someone who is smart with their money or saves. ◦ Calling someone “cheap” also implies they save money, but this has a negative connotation.

◦ chef vs. cook teacher vs. professor ◦ plagiarizer vs. cheater thrifty vs. tightwad ◦ stay-at-home mom vs homemaker vs housewife ambitious vs greedy submissive vs lazy ◦ amazed vs stupefied slender vs gaunt ◦ promiscuous vs slutty clever vs shrewd ◦ substance abuser vs druggie journalist vs reporter eccentric vs weirdo mentally unstable vs wacko inexpensive vs cheap invest vs speculate ◦ purchase vs buy manufactured home vs trailer

Figurative and literal meaning Did you really LITERALLY DIE LAUGHING? Did that movie LITERALLY BLOW YOUR MIND? NO! Because then you’d be dead, guys. Literal meanings are determined by the word’s actual meanings and definitions. Figurative meanings use words that might stray from their literal definitions to create a heightened effect. So saying you’re “dying laughing” is using figurative language to make someone understand how hilarious something is. Unless you really can’t breathe, then you need to ask for help.

Some example of figurative language ◦ A simile is a comparison of two things, indicated by some connective, usually "like", "as", "than", or a verb such as "resembles" to show they are similar. Ex: "His cheeks were like roses, his nose like a cherry. . . /And the beard on his chin was as white as the snow. " Clement Clark Moore ◦ A metaphor is a figure of speech in which two "essentially unlike things" are shown to have a type of resemblance or create a new image. Ex: She was a couch potato in the gravy boat of life, flopping dejectedly on the sofa.

examples ◦ Personification is the attribution of a personal nature or character to inanimate objects or abstract notions Ex: "Because I could not stop for Death, /He kindly stopped for me; /The carriage held but just ourselves/And Immortality. "—Emily Dickinson. ◦ An oxymoron is a figure of speech in which a pair of opposite or contradictory terms is used together for emphasis. Ex: Organized chaos, Same difference, Bittersweet. ◦ A paradox is a statement or proposition which is self-contradictory, unreasonable, or illogical. Example: This statement is a lie.

examples ◦ Hyperbole is a figure of speech which uses an extravagant or exaggerated statement to express strong feelings. Ex: I could eat a horse ◦ An idiom is an expression that has a figurative meaning unrelated to the literal meaning of the phrase. Usually commonly understood within a group/culture. Ex: You should keep your eye out for him. Actions speak louder than words. Bite off more than you can chew. Hit the hay. ◦ A pun is an expression intended for a humorous or rhetorical effect by exploiting different meanings of words. Ex: I wondered why the ball was getting bigger. Then it hit me. If the ocean had a personality, it would be salty.

examples ◦ Satire is the use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issues. ◦ Family Guy, SNL ◦ Allegory ◦ What’s an allegory, you guys? ! What’s an example? !? !? !