The Importance of Hydropower and the Dam of

The Importance of Hydropower and the Dam of Włoczławek 26 May 2014

Hydropower in General • Hydropower is electricity generated using the energy of moving water. • Hydropower plants produce about 24 percent of the world's electricity and supply more than 1 billion people with power. China, Canada, Brazil, the United States, and Russia were the five largest producers of hydropower in 2004. • Hydropower is also readily available; engineers can control the flow of water through the turbines to produce electricity on demand. • This is the cheapest way to generate electricity today.

A typical hydro plant is a system with three parts: an electric plant where the electricity is produced; a dam that can be opened or closed to control water flow; and a reservoir where water can be stored.

How it works • The fast moving water ( kinetic energy) strikes the turbines and they start moving( mechanical energy) and this energy is used to run electric generators. • Instead of water wheels water falling from a vertical height is used which has stored potential energy due to its position and the water is then passed through the gate or vessels which take the water to the turbines which convert potential energy into mechanical energy, these vessels are called penstocks.

Włocławek Hydroelectric Power Plant It was built in 1970. Location: 674, 850 km Damming ordinate: 57, 30 m above sea level Nominal slope: 8, 80 m Hydro complexes number: 6 Turbine type: Kaplan turbine The power of the plant : 160, 2 MW Installed swallow: 2 190 m 3/sec Average production: 739 GWh/a The building is : 154 m length and 60 m width.

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