Systems approach in curriculum approaches Ramla Mohamed Rasheed

Systems approach in curriculum approaches Ramla Mohamed Rasheed MTL B 2 ENG

What is a system approach? It is a managerial view that emphasizes organizing people and policies The approach includes the process Engineers Plan the curriculum • superintendents • Directors • Coordinators • principals Curriculum’s stages • Development • Design • Implementation • evaluation Curriculum’s structures • Subjects • Courses • Unit planes • Lesson planes

Theorists and their concepts of a system approach Ed Deming TQM (total quality management) system approach, based on Ed Deming’s 14 points to improve the system. When applying TQM to curriculum development, participants know their function depends on “Profound Knowledge” (acquiring & applying) Based on 4 components: 1 Systematic thinking 2 Theory of variation 3 Theory of knowledge 4 Knowledge of psychology • To use this approach individuals must Understand, respect, and care for one another. George Beauchamp • Described the first systems theory of curriculum • He postulated 5 equally important components of education: 1 Administration 2 Counseling 3 Curriculum 4 Instruction 5 Evaluation • He was trying to convey that the 5 components draw their ideas from: Psychology, sociology, history, philosophy etc.

Comparison between the 6 approaches of curriculum Behavioral Based on a blueprint – goals and objectives are specified, contents and activities are also arranged to match with the learning objectives. Managerial Principal = Curriculum leader = Instructional leader = General manager General Manager – sets the policies and priorities, establishes the direction of AIM – to achieve efficiency change and innovation, and planning and organizing curriculum and Behavioral approach begins with instruction. educational plans that start with School Administration – less concerned the setting of goals and objectives. about the content than about organization and implementation; less Learning outcomes are evaluated concerned about subject matter, in terms of goals and objectives methods, and materials than improving set at the beginning. the curriculum. Curriculum Managers – look at the Decrease teaching and learning, curriculum changes and innovations as and increase behavior. they administer the resources and restructure the schools. Systems Influenced by systems theory. The parts of the total school district or school are examined in terms of how they relate to each other. Organizational chart – represents a systems approach; shows the line-staff relationships of personnel and how decisions are made.

Comparison between the 6 approaches of curriculum Academic More historical & philosophical, less social & practical. Postmodern Humanistic It extends the humanistic approach. Rooted in the progressive philosophy and child-centered Focus on education’s larger movement Considers the formal or Traditional, encyclopedic, synoptic, ideological issues. planned curriculum and the intellectual, knowledge oriented. informal or hidden curriculum. They are more interested in theory Analyze and synthesize major than practical. Considers the whole child and positions, trends, and concepts of believes that in curriculum the total curriculum. Change and reform. development of the individual is the prime consideration. Shaping up students: Students to be independence to The LEARNER is at the CENTER of learn /learn by them self. the curriculum.

How our curriculum aligns with the different approaches? As our NCF focuses on the behavior through key competencies Behavioral We have an organizational chart in NCF as mentioned in systems approach We give students the chances to learn things by them self to prepare them for life Managerial Systems Postmodern In our curriculum it is mentioned the managers role clearly Academic Humanistic We still focus for the academic excellence of students as it is our tradition School management, teachers and parent's are focused on students improvement

Managerial Systems Humanistic behavioral These 4 plays a major role in a curriculum, with out it there is no use of a curriculum