REVIEW 8 INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION NEW IMPERIALISM Causes Agrarian

  • Slides: 8
Download presentation
REVIEW # 8 ~ INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION –> NEW IMPERIALISM

REVIEW # 8 ~ INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION –> NEW IMPERIALISM

Causes � Agrarian Revolution = more food! � Population explosion � Began in Great

Causes � Agrarian Revolution = more food! � Population explosion � Began in Great Britain Land (rivers, island) o Labor (people to work) o Capital ($ & investment) o Resources (coal, iron ore) o Effects � New Social Class Structure MIDDLE CLASS � � � Urbanization Bad working conditions Better transportation Higher standard of living Imperialism Industrial Revolution: production of goods shifted from using hand tools to using power-driven machines and from human and animal power to steam power

Why did the I. R. begin in G. B. ? Great Britain had ALL

Why did the I. R. begin in G. B. ? Great Britain had ALL of the FACTORS of PRODUCTION 1) Land 2)Labor 3)Capital

Competing economic theories Capitalism (AKA: Market Economy, Free Market, Private Enterprise) Economy governed by

Competing economic theories Capitalism (AKA: Market Economy, Free Market, Private Enterprise) Economy governed by natural forces of supply and demand Laissez Faire – government is NOT involved; “Let it be” Concentrated on interests of individual/ private ownership Adam Smith - author of Wealth of Nations Socialism (AKA: Marxism, Communism, Command Economy, State-Run) Farms & businesses belong to all people (not individuals) Concentrated on the interests of society Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, The Communist Manifesto history is a class struggle proletariat (working class) vs. bourgeoisie wealth & power shared

Industrialization leads to Imperialism � Domination by one country of the political, economic, or

Industrialization leads to Imperialism � Domination by one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another country � 1800 s – early 1900 s

Causes of Imperialism Economic -Need for raw materials -Need new markets Political -Power and

Causes of Imperialism Economic -Need for raw materials -Need new markets Political -Power and security of the empire -Nationalism Social – Western nations believed they were superior to non-Western areas Social Darwinism: Darwin’s theory of survival of the fittest; natural for stronger nations to dominate weaker nations White Man’s Burden: Rudyard Kipling’s poem “White Man’s Burden”; white imperialists have a moral duty to educate less developed countries

Effects of Imperialism India Africa • British East India Company controlled 3/5 s of

Effects of Imperialism India Africa • British East India Company controlled 3/5 s of India • India is the “jewel in the crown” – lots of raw materials and markets • Sepoy Mutiny: Hindus and Muslims united against the British; Britain crushed the revolt and took direct control of India • Scramble for Africa • Berlin Conference (1884): European powers divide up Africa; don’t consult Africans = conflict & tribal warfare • Zulus resist imperialism • Boer War

Effects of Imperialism China Japan • Spheres of Influence: areas where outside powers claim

Effects of Imperialism China Japan • Spheres of Influence: areas where outside powers claim exclusive trade rights • Isolation under Tokugawa Shoguns • Opium War: Great Britain vs. China • Treaty of Nanjing: China open ports to Great Britain for trade and hand over Hong Kong • Taiping Rebellion • BOXER REBELLION (ANTIWEST) • Commodore Matthew Perry • Treaty of Kanagawa: open 2 ports to U. S. MEIJI Restoration Modernization & Industrialization Imperialism Japan becomes world power!