Photosynthesis What You Need to Know What Is

Photosynthesis What You Need to Know

What Is It? • Photosynthesis: – A series of reactions that use light energy from the sun to synthesize (to make) large, energy rich molecules from smaller ones. Energy + 6(CO 2) + 6(H 20) C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6(O 2)

Who Does Photosynthesis? • Plants • Algae • Some Bacteria

Where Does This Happen? • All phases of photosynthesis occur in the chloroplast • A plant cell can have multiple chloroplast • Not all plant cells have chloroplast (i. e. roots cells) • http: //sps. k 12. ar. us/massengale/images/chloroplast. j pg

How Does It Really Work? • Photosynthesis occurs in two phases – 1. Chlorophyll absorbs light energy and converts it to chemical energy (ATP) • ATP is short term energy storage – 2. ATP is used to reorganize CO 2 and H 2 O into carbohydrates. • Carbohydrates are long term energy storage

What Happens After Photosynthesis? • Plant cells use the carbohydrates from photosynthesis for energy to – Continue cell functions – Grow new cells – Reproduce – All other functions requiring energy

H H O C H H H O H C C O O H H H C O C C C H H H O H H H C C C C H H O H H C C H O O O N C C H O H H Amino Acid (building block of proteins) H H H H C C C C C H H H H H O H Glucos e O H C H H H Glycerol + 3 Fatty Acids = Lipid (fat) H Water

Cellular Respiration What You Need to Know

What Is It? • Cellular Respiration: – The process by which enzymes convert the energy in macromolecules (like carbohydrates) into usable ATP. – Example: – C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6(O 2) Energy + 6(CO 2) + 6(H 20)

All Living Organisms Use Cellular Respiration?

Where Does This Happen? • Most of cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondrion • Some cells have multiple mitochondrion • http: //microscopy. fsu. edu/cells/mitochondria/images/mitochon driafigure 1. jpg

How Does It Really Work? • Cellular Respiration occurs in three phases – 1. Glycolysis – 2. Krebs Cycle – 3. Electron Transport System/ chain (ETC)

Glycolysis • Glycolysis: – Splits glucose into two smaller molecules – Releases a little ATP – Remaining molecules still have lots of “stored” energy

Krebs Cycle • Enzymes break down the two molecules from glycolosis into CO 2. • This produces several more ATP • Attaches hydrogen atoms to “carrier” molecules called NADH

Electron Transport • Each hydrogen atom is separated into one electron and proton • Electrons travel along transport chain • Each electron transport releases 3 ATP • That’s a lot of ATP • http: //student. ccbcmd. edu/courses/bio 141/lecguide/unit 6/meta bolism/photosyn/images/u 4 fg 44. jpg

Is This the Only Way? • NO • There are other pathways to release energy in human cells for short periods of time • There also other pathways for certain organisms that are completely different