Networks Research Group Carey Williamson i CORE Chair

Networks Research Group Carey Williamson i. CORE Chair Broadband Wireless Networks, Protocols, Applications, and Performance Department of Computer Science University of Calgary 1

Research Overview n Research area? n n Wireless networks, Internet protocols, computer systems performance evaluation Mission: “Make the Internet go faster” Approach? n Experimental, simulation, analytical Key challenges? n n Citius, Altius, Fortius! Performance, scalability, robustness 2

Experimental Facilities n Experimental Laboratory for Internet Systems and Applications (Uof. C/Uof. S, CFI) n n Geographically distributed Internet testbed between Calgary and Saskatoon Clients, servers, notebooks, routers, switches, Web proxies, network analyzers, 802. 11 a/b Fully operational since Spring 2004 Wireless Internet Performance Lab (Uof. C) n n n IEEE 802. 11 b wireless LAN Sniffer. Pro, Airopeek wireless network analyzers PCs, laptops, PDAs, wireless NICs, Web proxy 3

Research Highlights n “Frenemies” Characterization n n Wireless Sensor Network Security n n Martin Arlitt, Niklas Carlsson, et al. Tuan Vu, Rei Safavi-Naini, et al. Anonymity Protocol Modeling n Niklas Carlsson, Andreas Hirt, et al. 4

Characterizing “Frenemies” n n n Viewpoint: U of C as an “edge network” Inbound and outbound network traffic External entities might be interested in information such as number of hosts, IP addresses, OS versions, open ports, and browsers used within the U of C network. n Three categories of external entities: n n n Friends: Trusted organizations and services. Enemies: Untrusted or malicious organizations. Frenemies: Organizations that provide services, but might not be (fully) trusted. 5 5

Measurement Data Set Connection data: Detailed summaries of all inbound and outbound connections (e. g. , source and destination IP and port numbers, connection state). Description Duration Connections Value 1 year (Apr/08 – Mar/09) External Host = Source IP IP = Destination et Intern Inbound Outbound Connection 39. 3 billion Campus. Host Campus Destination ==Source IP IP 6 6

Characterization Results Class Organization Friends Google Microsoft Yahoo! Facebook Verisign Foes China. Net Turk. Telekom Hinet TPNET. PL Frenemies Amazon Limelight Telus Prefix (/24) Connections In (%) Out (%) 263 398 630 19 29 1. 1 0. 6 0. 9 0. 1 0. 0 8. 5 3. 1 2. 1 1. 2 20, 022 13, 309 15, 197 6, 907 3. 5 2. 8 1. 1 1. 7 1. 2 0. 0 0. 8 0. 1 365 114 7, 844 0. 0 0. 1 7. 7 0. 3 1. 8 1. 9 7 7

Wireless Sensor Networks n Simulation modeling of key distribution policies for secure communication in wireless sensor networks Wireless graph: nodes within range of each other for wireless transmission Trust graph: nodes with a shared key Wireless trust graph: both properties n Demo of simulation software available n n n 8

Anonymity Protocol Modeling n Performance metric: message latency DSR n Five main components n n Sender S must create/encrypt and send message Load-dependent sender-side delay n n Load-independent path delay n n Path length HSR with (Dproc+Dnet) delay on each node Load-dependent transfer delay n n Queueing of (average) duration Ws Queueing at HT transfer nodes, each with duration WT Target receiver R decrypts and receives message 9

Detailed Protocol Analysis n n n Three anonymity protocols analyzed Light load assumption: No queueing QC 0 Example: Buses protocol n n Dproc ~ N; Dnet ~ N; TC ~ N 2; hence, DSR ~ N 2 Scaling behavior n n n Buses: DSR ~ O(N 2) Taxis: DSR ~ O(N) Motorcycles: DSR ~ O(log 2 N) 10

Model Validation (Buses) 11

The Year Ahead n Internetworked Systems Security Network n n “Protecting Canada’s Internet” NSERC Strategic Network (2008 -2013) Collaborative initiative, led by Paul van Oorschot at Carleton University (+12 others) Pervasive Infrastructure, Services, and Applications (PISA) n n Proposed NSERC NCE, led by Alberto Leon-Garcia at the University of Toronto (+36 others) ICT-enabled “Smart Infrastructure” for cloud computing, power grid, transportation, and more 12