Linking Words Links either or Express a decision

Linking Words

Links either… or Express a decision between two possibilities Either… or ou… ou nem… nem (com not) Neither… nor nem… nem (sem not) Both… and tanto… quanto Examples ou… ou Either you study or work You can go either by taxi or by bus. either… or In negative sentence Link two or more negative ideas nem… nem You can’t go either by taxi or by bus. neither… nor With the verb in the negative Link two or more negative ideas nem… nem Neither he nor she is (are) wrong. He speaks only German. He speaks neither English nor Spanish. tanto… quanto Both Arthur and Jane are late. They were both tired and hungry. both… and Express and adding idea Not only… but also Translation não apenas… mas também Not only… but also Express and adding idea não apenas… mas também Sarah is not only beautiful, but also very intelligent.

Now observe the use and the difference between two very important prepositions: Like and As, and As (conjunction): ► Click! Like and As express and resemblance idea. They mean “como” in Portuguese. Examples: He works like a horse. She works as a secretary. ► Like shows resemblance, followed by a substantive and a pronoun, and it is used to compare. Examples: She talks like a parrot. You’re behaving like children. As shows function, identity, or effective quality. He works as a waiter. Carol has been working as a guide. ► Note: ► When there is a verb after a comparison, we must use As and not Like: You talk like your mother. (LIKE → preposition) You talk as your mother does. (AS → conjunction) Nobody knows her as I do. ►

Linking Words - II ► Adversative Linking Words → Link ideas that oppose themselves Links Translation But mas, porém However contudo, entretanto (and) yet (e) contudo, (e) no entanto Nevertheless Não obstante, mesmo assim Examples He had no qualifications, But however and yet nevertheless he got the job.

► Consecutive Linking Words → Link ideas that express consequence or conclusion Links Translation Examples So assim Therefore portanto Thus por isso The kids were hungry, so therefore thus consequently then I bought pizza for them. Consequently consequentement e Then então Hence por isso, logo, daí

► Concessive Linking Words → Link ideas that express concession, opposition Links Although Though Even though In spite of → (prep. ) despite Translation Examples embora (informal) Although/Thoug h we were tired, we went to the beach. muito embora (mais enfático) Even though we were tired, we went to the beach. apesar de, a despeito de In spite of /Despite the danger, he was calm.

► Explanative Linking Words → Link ideas that express explanation, the reason of something Links Translation Because porque As como Since já que, desde que For visto que, pois Examples I’m leaving because I’m tired. As it’s raining again, we’ll have to stay at home. Since I haven’t got her address I can’t write to her. I decided to stop and have lunch, for I was feeling hungry.

► Adding Linking Words → Link ideas that express increase, continuation Links Translation Examples Besides Além disso Moreover Além do mais Furthermore Além disso, ademais I’m too busy, besides moreover furthermore in addition (to) I lost my passport. In addition (to) Além disso