KROHNE Ultrasonic Flowmeters Your Name here 2014 YYYYMMDD

KROHNE Ultrasonic Flowmeters Your Name here 2014 YYYY-MM-DD A complete range of solutions

1. Introduction 2. KROHNE’s Ultrasonic Family 3. Measuring Principle 4. Typical Applications 5. Conclusion KROHNE Ultrasonic Flowmeters Your Name here 2014 YYYY-MM-DD A complete range of solutions

Introduction Milestones In the 1920’s Methods and devices for volume measurement of flowing liquids, gas and steam volumes In the 1950’s Introduction of the first ultrasonic flowmeters In the 1960’s First ultrasonic flowmeters with multiple paths with the differential transit time method In the 1980’s Introduction of a multi-path flowmeters for measuring gases. Today 3 | Ultrasonic flowmeters 1900 1950 2000 Today Patent Oskar Rütten

1. Introduction 2. KROHNE’s Ultrasonic Family 3. Measuring Principle 4. Typical Applications 5. Conclusion KROHNE Ultrasonic Flowmeters A complete range of solutions 2014

KROHNE’s Ultrasonic Flowmeter Family gas steam clamp-on liquid custody transfer in-line OPTISONIC 6300 OPTISONIC 6400 5 OPTISONIC 3400 UFM 530 HT OPTISONIC 7300 ALTOSONIC III ALTOSONIC V 12 OPTISONIC 8300 F

OPTISONIC 3400 Standard for the bulk of applications Robust and compact construction • Wide diameter range: 1… 120” • For conductive and non-conductive liquids • For all environments: incl. hazardous areas • FM or CSA Division 1 & 2 • ATEX zone 1, IEC-Ex • For process conditions: • Liquid temperatures -45…+140/180 °C / -49…+284/356 °F • Viscosity up to 100 c. St Bulk of applications include: • Hydrocarbons, solvents, purified-, surface-, ground water, cooling water, low viscous oils, kerosene, naphtha, acids, glycol, ammonia, warm water, diesel, jet fuel, Crude Oils, etc. 6 6/17/2021 OPTISONIC 3400

OPTISONIC 6300 Design Features and Benefits All in one system One or Two Paths 1 Pipe or 2 Pipes More with less Modular electronics 7

End cap (die-cast aluminum) fast screw OPTISONIC and Benefits OPTIFLUX 50006300 | key Design features Features cover (extruded aluminum) rail (extruded aluminum) connector cap (die-cast aluminum) screws (connector cap to rail) Floating transducer Strap Fixation & Snap unit (SS) Metal strap (SS) signal cable (dual coax)

OPTISONIC 6300 = OPTISONIC 6000 + UFC 300 9

Special constructions Heating jacket Flangeless or with special connection High Pressure, Up to 1. 000 bar (14. 500 psig)

1. Introduction 2. KROHNE’s Ultrasonic Family 3. Measuring Principle 4. Typical Applications 5. Conclusion KROHNE Ultrasonic Flowmeters A complete range of solutions 2014

Measuring principle: Ultrasonic Differential transit time – Medium independent 1/3 1 Transit time (t) = Distance Velocity Transducer A TB A - TA B ~ vm vm Transducer B vm = Flow velocity of the medium 12 | Ultrasonic flowmeters

Measuring principle: Ultrasonic Differential transit time – Medium independent 2/3 1 Transit time (t) = Distance Velocity Transducer A TB A - TA B ~ vm L D Transit time of the signal from A to B 2 TA B = α L CAB + v * cos a Transducer B Transit time of the signal from B to A 3 TB A = L CBA - v * cos a Temperature, pressure and consistency of the medium = constant 13 | Ultrasonic flowmeters v v L C = = = Flow velocity of the medium Length of the acoustic path Velocity of sound of the medium v • cos α

Introduction Ultrasonic flowmeters: Typical advantages • Low Cost of Ownership • No moving parts • No wear • No maintenance • No recalibration • Very robust and reliable transducer A D • Universal, works with any medium • Bi-directional transducer B • No obstructions in the pipe • No pressure loss • Excellent low flow sensitivity, starts measuring from zero flow on up 14 17. 06. 2021 OPTISONIC 3400 The difference in transit time is proportional to the mean flow velocity of the medium

Measuring Principle VAVG Laminar flow VAVG = Vm * 0. 66 Reynolds Number & Flow Profile SINGLE Beam through pipe axis…. Accuracy: 1 -2% for Re > 10, 000 – 20, 000 Vm Highly dependent on flow profile VAVG Vm 15 Turbulent flow VAVG = Vm * 1. 00 Error from laminar to turbulent flow can be as high as 33%

Measuring Principle VAVG Reynolds Number & Flow Profile Three Chordal Measurement Beams More information on flow profile Three individual line velocities, VL 1 -3 are integrated together using constants K 1 -3; VL VAVG = K 1*VL 1 +K 2*VL 2 + K 3*VL 3 VAVG High accuracy over complete Reynolds range Better performance with nonsymmetric and distorted flow profiles Accuracy: +/- 0. 3% of rate VL 16

Measurement Principle Restriction for UFM Effect Guideline 1. Gas bubbles 2. Solids Reflections Vol. % 2% Vol. % 5% Reflection of acoustic signal due to gas bubbles or solids 17

1. Introduction 2. KROHNE’s Ultrasonic Family 3. Measuring Principle 4. Typical Applications 5. Conclusion KROHNE Ultrasonic Flowmeters A complete range of solutions 2014

UFM 3400 Water & Wastewater Measurement of: Wastewater Demi water Cooling water Boiler feed water Potable water Produced water Seawater Raw water Irrigation water … many more 19

Ultrasonic Flowmeters Target markets Oil and Gas: • Crude oil: on- and offloading, transportation, storage, allocation, blending • LNG Oil and Gas Chemical industry: • Feedstock, intermediate and end products • Solvents • Liquid polymers • Cooling water 20 6/17/2021 OPTISONIC 3400 Chemical industry

Ultrasonic Flowmeters Target markets Petrochemical industry and refineries: • Crude oil • Refined hydrocarbons Petrochemical industry and refineries Energy: • Crude oil • Feed water, condensate, heated water, penstock water Energy Water industry and utilities: • De-mineralized water • Raw water • Heated water 21 17. 06. 2021 OPTISONIC 3400 Water industry and utilities

1. Introduction 2. KROHNE’s Ultrasonic Family 3. Measuring Principle 4. Typical Applications 5. Conclusion KROHNE Ultrasonic Flowmeters A complete range of solutions 2014

Benefits of Ultrasonic Flowmeter Comparison Table Flow meter Technology Non conductive Liquids Viscosity Corrosion resistance Solids, Bubbles Low flow Pressure loss Dynamic range UFM ++ ++ ++ +/- ++ ++ ++ Coriolis ++ ++ + + ++ -- + EMF -- ++ ++ ++ DP meter ++ - - - - Vortex ++ - -- - - PD meter ++ + - - Turbine ++ - - - mass + = positive, - = negative 23

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