Krashen 2001 Krashen 1989 1993 2001 Cho Krashen

為什麼? 教什麼? 閱讀—語言程度的指標(Krashen 2001) 廣讀( Krashen 1989, 1993, 2001; Cho & Krashen 1994; Green and Oxford 1995, Hayashi 1999) 能力 意願 環境

能力 v 略讀、速讀、精讀 語言能力(跨越語言門檻)(Clarke 1979; Devine 1984, 1987; Eskey 1973, 1988) 閱讀策略(Cziko 1980, Devine 1984, Garner 1981, Norman & Malicky 1987, Kardash & Amlund 1991, Kletzien 1991, Padron & Waxman 1988) 背景知識(Dole et al. 1991, Lopes 1991, Smith 1982)

意願 v 自主學習(Benson 1996, Esch 1996, Gremmo and Riley 1995, Ho and Crookall 1995, Lee 1998, D. Little 1995, W. Little 1999, Nunan 1996) 自願 (voluntariness) 彈性(flexibility) 選擇 (choice)

環境 v 線上學習 (Chapelle 1999, C. Chen 2001, Q. Chen and Zhang 1998, v 合作學習 (Cohen 1986, Foot et al. 1994, Hamm & Adams 1992, Lin and Hsu 2001, Liu 2001, Sun (2002) 大量—書報雜誌、網路 多樣—主題、文類、長度、習作、難度 輔助—線上字典、線上問答、圖片、音樂 Jaques 1991, Qin, Johnson & Johnson 1995, Reagon, Fox & Bleich 1994, Reid, Forrestal & Cook 1989, Slavin et al. 1985) 閱讀活動—心得交流、小組報告、小組辯論

v v v v v Reading Projects Reading Plan Reading Record　　Sample Exchanged-reading Pair Work Report Exchanged-reading Group Work Report Group Reading Project Plan 　 Reference Mid-term Reading Report Final Reading Report Language Worksheet 1 (Easy) Language Worksheet 2 (Moderate) Language Worksheet 3 (Difficult) Content Skimming Worksheet (Easy) Content Worksheet 1 (Easy) Content Worksheet 2 (Moderate) Content Worksheet 3 (Difficult)　　 Sample Synthesis Worksheet (Difficult) Sample

v v v v Structure Worksheet--Concept Maps (Difficult) 　 Sample 、 Sample Structure Worksheet--Outline Form (Difficult) 　 Sample 、 Sample Response Worksheet--Article (Moderate) 　 Sample Response Worksheet--Story (Difficult) 　 Sample Response Worksheet--Lyrics (Moderate) 　 Sample Response Worksheet--Poem (Moderate) 　 Sample Response Worksheet--Fable (Difficult) Response Worksheet--Joke (Moderate) Commentary Worksheet (Difficult) 　 Sample 、Sample Creativity Worksheet--Argument (Difficult) Creativity Worksheet--Story (Difficult) 　 Sample 、Sample