John Adams 1797 1801 Federalist Massachusetts Two major

John Adams 1797 -1801, Federalist, Massachusetts Two major events 1. The XYZ Affair 2. The Alien and Sedition Acts

XYZ Affair • France has been harassing U. S. shipping • Adams sends diplomats to resolve the problem • French agents were nicknamed X, Y, and Z • refused to meet with American diplomats unless a bribe is paid • Extremely insulting - Hamilton and Federalists demand war! • Adams avoids the war, but loses popularity in his own party

Thursday January th 12 2017 • Pick up your spirals/folders from the front, take out a pen/pencil, and your bellwork. • We will take notes over Adams/Jefferson and answer some questions. • Bellwork due tomorrow!!!! • Bellwork: • Why did the XYZ affair anger Americans?

Alien and Sedition Acts • Democratic-Republicans heavily criticize Adams in the newspapers • Adams and Federalists are worried about immigrants being French spies § Also, most immigrants tended to join the Democratic-Republicans • Adams and Congress pass Alien and Sedition Acts to silence their opponents 1. Increased waiting time to become a citizen from 5 to 14 years 2. President can arrest aliens in time of war 3. Outlawed Sedition: the act of criticizing the government • Very unpopular (and unconstitutional) – Adams not reelected

Thomas Jefferson 1801 -1809 Democratic. Republican From Virginia

Election of 1800 • Thomas Jefferson & Aaron Burr tie (73 electoral votes) • House of Reps has to break tie (7 days and 36 votes) • Jefferson defeats Adams • Peaceful transition of power from one party to another!Aaron Burr • 12 th Amendment – changed the process for choosing the vicepresident • Leads to “running mates” (both from same party)

Marbury vs. Madison 1803 • Marbury sues Madison over his job • Goes to Supreme court and Chief Justice John Marshall • Federalist judge; strengthens federal government with decisions James Madison William Marbury • Ruling: the law Marbury sued under is unconstitutional • Established the power of Judicial Review • Supreme Court now has the power to nullify laws passed by congress and approved by the president John Marshall

The Louisiana Purchase - 1803

Louisiana Purchase - 1803 • Land owned by Napoleon, Emperor of France • Desperate for money he offers to sell it all for $15 million • Jefferson wants more farmland for Americans • Jefferson believes in strict interpretation • Constitution doesn’t allow president to purchase land • Senate authorized the purchase in 1803 • Doubled the size of the U. S. • Gained port city of New Orleans Napoleon – Emperor of France

Friday! January 13 th 2017 • Pick up your spirals/folders, take out a pen/pencil and your bellwork. • We will finish notes, watch a video over Jefferson, and then a Lewis and Clark code activity. • Bellwork due today. • Bellwork: • What power did Marbury vs. Madison establish? What can this power do?

Lewis and Clark Expedition • William Clark and Meriwether Lewis • Sent by Jefferson to explore new territory • Followed Missouri and Columbia Rivers • Objective: Explore, map, and claim the new territory • Helped by Sacagawea • Young Native American woman that helped them survive

Jefferson: Foreign Policy • Napoleonic Wars: France and Britain • Jefferson upholds the policy neutrality • British Navy begin “impressing” U. S. sailors • Embargo Act of 1807 • Closed all U. S. ports to international trade • Attempt to keep America out of European wars • Backfired: badly hurt U. S. economy • Contradicted Jefferson’s belief in limited government

The First 3 Presidents • • • Challenges Foreign policy Political parties Whiskey Rebellion Farewell Address • • XYZ Affair Alien & Sedition Acts • • Election of 1800 Marbury vs. Madison Louisiana Purchase Embargo Act of 1807