Introduction to Quantitative Tools and Techniques Materials Developed

Introduction to Quantitative Tools and Techniques Materials Developed by The IRIS Center at the University of Maryland 1 a

Qualitative vs. Quantitative Inquiry Qualitative • detailed information • fewer respondents • • diversity and nuances • varied methods • • typically no control • group Quantitative pre-set questions higher number of respondents frequency and amounts usually survey can use a comparison group (for impact) 2

Qualitative • analysis is varied versus • sampling depends on objectives • explores impact (why) • participatory and empowering Quantitative • Standardized data analysis • random sampling • suggests impact • rarely participatory and empowering 3

Essential Features for Quantitative Tools (1) • Clear study questions or hypotheses • Well-conceived survey instruments that are valid and reliable (produce consistent, accurate answers) • Well written and clear survey questions • Analysis plan for each question determined in advance 4

Essential Features for Quantitative Tools (2) • Logical sequence and smooth flow of questions • Format conducive to efficient, clear and complete recording of responses • Length and time required to complete survey is manageable/acceptable • Sound sampling procedures that will generate representative samples of clients and comparison groups, thereby producing reliable data for making generalizations about clients 5