Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals EDCs Lafayette College CE 372
- Slides: 10
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) Lafayette College CE 372 Design II/Environmental Site Assessment Slides provided by Cynthia Gulledge, University of Louisville, Kentucky
Endocrinology: study of hormones General Features of the endocrine system: Transport Gland Hormone Target Cell rich blood supply secreted into the blood ductless can reach virtually every cell in the body hormone receptors are very specific
Endocrine Glands don’t forget the heart, placenta, fat All of these glands produce hormones and are also targets for hormones
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM HORMONES Chemical Messengers Secreted By Glands (pituitary, ovary, testis, adrenal) Into the Bloodstream
Chemical Confusion • Environmental chemicals can trick or confuse the body into thinking they are natural body chemicals
Symantec Confusion • • • Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) Hormonally-active agents Environmental estrogens Environmental hormones Environmental chemicals Environmental signaling
Functional or Receptor-Based Toxicology Mc. Lachlan, J. A. 2001 Environmental Signaling: What Embryos and Evolution Teach Us About Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals, Endocrine Reviews 22(3): 319 -341.
Sources of Hormonally-Active Compounds Agriculture Pesticide application Feedlot runoff (hormones, pharmaceuticals) Industry/Urbanization Plasticizers Industrial solvents, effluent Sewage effluent (hormones, pharmaceuticals) Personal care products (hair and skin care) Pesticide application (lawns, golf courses) “Natural” Phytoestrogens
Sexual Differentiation in Mammals Organizational Effect of Hormones If something goes wrong with testis formation, the rest of sexual differentiation is affected in the male
Take-Home Message Reproductive abnormalities in wildlife and humans Infertility / subfertility Feminization Advanced puberty Many hormonally-active compounds in environment Estrogens, anti-androgens, etc. Sources include agriculture, industry, plants These compounds cause reproductive abnormalities in lab e. g. , testicular dysgenesis, infertility, feminization This evidence forms the basis of the endocrine disrupter hypothesis
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