ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICAL IMPOTENCE OF ECHINODERMATA Course title OCN

ECOLOGICAL & ECONOMICAL IMPOTENCE OF ECHINODERMATA Course title OCN 11107 - Marine Resources

ASSIGNMENT SUBMITTED BY- Name: MD. Saiful Islam Roll no: ASH 1818053 M Name: Rajib Chandra Das Roll no: ASH 1818051 M Name: Jaber Bin Abdul Bari Roll no: ASH 1818042 M Name: Rubaiyat Rahaman Roll no: ASH 1818072 M

INTRODUCTION OF ECHINODERMATA • Echinoderm is the common name given to any member of the phylum Echinodermata of marine animals. The adults are recognizable by their (usually five-point) radial symmetry, and include such well-known animals as sea stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, and sea cucumbers, as well as the sea lilies or "stone lilies". Echinoderms are found at very ocean depth, from the intertidal zone to the abyssal zone. The phylum contains about 7000 living species, making it the second-largest grouping of deuterostomes (a superphylum), after the chordates. Echinoderms are also the largest phylum that has no freshwater or terrestrial (land-based) representatives.

SCIENTIFIC NAME • Kingdom: Animalia • Sub-Kingdom: Eumetazoa • Super-Phylum: Deuterostomia • Phylum: Echinodermata • Class: Homostelea

Ecological impotence of Echinodermata w w Provide more Oxygen at depth of the see floor Prevent the group of algae Make a great Impact in the ocean food chain Keep the seaweed’s growth in check

ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE FOR HUMANS: • Research on echinoderms has contributed to the overall knowledge of animal fertilization and development. Many echinoderms are easy to culture and maintain in a lab setting, and produce a large amount of eggs. Sea urchin eggs are also edible and often served in sushi bars. • Echinoderms in Farming • The hard skeleton of echinoderms is used as a source of lime by farmers in some areas where limestone is unavailable. Lime is added to the soil to allow plants to take up more nutrients. About 4, 000 tons of the animals are used each year for this purpose.

• Echinoderms as Food • In some countries, echinoderms are considered delicacies. Around 50, 000 tons of sea urchins are captured each year food. They are consumed mostly in Japan, Peru, Spain and France. Both male and female gonads of sea urchins are also consumed. The taste is described as soft and melting, like a mixture of seafood and fruit. Sea cucumbers are considered a delicacy in some southeastern Asian countries. In China they are used as a basis for gelatinous soups and stews.

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