Conflicts in the Middle East Chapter 18 Section
- Slides: 10
Conflicts in the Middle East Chapter 18 / Section 4
Palestine and Israel l After World War II Palestine is divided, causing disputes in the Middle East. WHY? l 1) Jews claim the lands as their homelands. (Since Christ alive) l 2) Palestinians say their land since they drove the Jews out in 135 A. D. (Both Muslim and Christian)
Palestine and Israel (cont’d) l Balfour Declaration, a British document written stating support of a Jewish homeland in Palestine. l Written in 1917 the British were trying to appease the Jews. l However, they fail until 1947 after WWII. The United Nations then decides to divide. Jerusalem is to be the international city owned by neither.
Israel and the Arab States in Conflict l Finally May 14, 1948 Israel is created. (David Ben Gurion) l The next day six Arab nations invade Israel. However, the Jews hold them off with American support. l Many invasions occur after. l Israel gaining more land from fights.
Israel and the Arab States in Conflict (cont’d) l Suez Crisis (1956): Egypt seizes the Suez Canal. WHY? l Israel rages war against Egypt however, encouraged to cease. l Six-Day War (1967): occurs when Nasser ready to confront Israel. l Six days later Israel controls Jerusalem.
Israel and the Arab States in Conflict (cont’d) l The 1973 War: surprise attack on Israel. (Yom Kippur) l Anwar Sadat, president of Egypt. l Golda Meir, Israel Prime Minister.
Trading Land for Peace l After many wars Sadat in 1977 offers peace to Israel. l However, for peace he tells Prime Minister Menachem Begin he must do two things. l 1) Recognize rights of Palestinians. l 2) Give territory back seized in 1967 war.
Trading Land for Peace l Finally in 1979 Israel and Egypt sign the Camp David Accords. l Egypt is first Arab country to recognize Israel. Angers others. l Sadat assassinated, but Hosni Mybarak, Egyptian Prime Minister keeps peace with Israel.
The Palestinians Demand Independence l Struggle for peace with Israelis. Led to creation of the PLO, Palestine Liberation Organization. Led Yasir Arafat
The Palestinians Demand Independence (cont’d) l Israeli / Palestinian Peace Timeline: l 1987: Palestinians start civil disobedience campaign for rights. l 1991: meet for peace talks. l Sept. 1993: Agreement for peace reached giving Palestinians self-rule in the Gaza Strip and West Bank. (Rabin killed for in 1995) l PROBLEM OVER?
