Chapter 2 Historical Development of Community Health Nursing

Chapter 2 Historical Development of Community Health Nursing Delmar Learning Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company

Historical Background of Public Health • • Middle Ages Renaissance Industrial Revolution 18 th & 19 th Century Europe Chapter 2 Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company

Historical Development of Community Health Nursing in America • • Colonial America 18 th Century 19 th Century 20 th Century Chapter 2 Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company

International Initiatives in Public Health • World Health Organization § § Alma Ata Health for All Initiative Healthy Cities and Communities Healthy People 2010 Chapter 2 Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company

Contributions of Florence Nightingale • • Established modern nursing Served in the Crimean War Improved conditions for wounded soldiers Used statistics to document health problems • Promoted public health policies Chapter 2 Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company

Establishment of Community Health Nursing • Sister Mary Augustine § Irish Sisters of Charity • William Rathbone § District Nursing Association Chapter 2 Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company

Evolution of Community Health Nursing in the U. S. • • • Visiting Nursing Henry Street Settlement School Nursing Rural Nursing Occupational Health Nursing Chapter 2 Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company

Community Health Nursing Leaders • • Lillian Wald Mary Brewster Lavinia Dock Margaret Sanger Chapter 2 Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company

Nursing Organizations • National League for Nursing § Established training standards for nursing • American Nurses Association § Established ethical and professional standards for nursing • National Organization of Public Health Nursing Chapter 2 Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company

Nursing Education • 1919 - Goldmark Report • 1963 - Public health nursing content in Baccalaureate programs Chapter 2 Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company

Influences of War on Community Health Nursing • World War I § § § American Red Cross Military U. S. Public Health Service • World War II § Army and Navy Nurse Corps Chapter 2 Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company

Federal Government Influence on Community Health Nursing • • 1930 – National Institutes of Health 1935 – Social Security Act, OASDI 1966 – Medicare 1967 – Medicaid Chapter 2 Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company

Evolution of Community Health Nursing • 1960 s § § Head Start Nurse practitioner movement • 1970 s § § Hospice movement Elder day care Birthing centers Rehabilitation services Chapter 2 Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company

Evolution of Community Health Nursing • 1980 s § Prospective payment system (DRGs) § Higher patient acuity & decreased length of stay § Increased utilization of home health care • 1990 s § § Health care system restructuring Increased delivery of nursing care in community settings Chapter 2 Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company