Chapter 1 Thinking Like a Qualitative Researcher 30

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Chapter 1: Thinking Like a Qualitative Researcher 30 Essential Skills for the Qualitative Researcher

Chapter 1: Thinking Like a Qualitative Researcher 30 Essential Skills for the Qualitative Researcher John W. Creswell

Skill • Develop the skill of thinking like a qualitative researcher • Understanding the

Skill • Develop the skill of thinking like a qualitative researcher • Understanding the perspectives taken by qualitative inquirers when they engage in research. This skill can be found in the core characteristics of qualitative research which you need to know. Creswell, 30 Essential Skills for the Qualitative Researcher. SAGE Publications, 2016. 2

Why the Skill Is Important • Qualitative research requires a different perspective than quantitative

Why the Skill Is Important • Qualitative research requires a different perspective than quantitative research • Diversity in approaches to qualitative research-philosophical, theoretical, advocacy, and methods (focus of the text) Creswell, 30 Essential Skills for the Qualitative Researcher. SAGE Publications, 2016. 3

The Research Process Problem Questions Findings Data Collection and Analysis Conclusions Creswell, 30 Essential

The Research Process Problem Questions Findings Data Collection and Analysis Conclusions Creswell, 30 Essential Skills for the Qualitative Researcher. SAGE Publications, 2016. 4

Different Approaches to the Research Process • Interrelated steps • Three types: qualitative, quantitative,

Different Approaches to the Research Process • Interrelated steps • Three types: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods • Within each type, procedures differ • Different procedures in “designs” (e. g. , single subject experiments, ethnographies, convergent designs) Creswell, 30 Essential Skills for the Qualitative Researcher. SAGE Publications, 2016. 5

When Did Qualitative Research Begin? • Anthropologists (early 20 th century) • Sociologists (case

When Did Qualitative Research Begin? • Anthropologists (early 20 th century) • Sociologists (case studies at University of Chicago (mid-1950’s) • Educators (late 1960’s) – entrance of philosophers • Methods writers (mid-1980’s) • Advocacy writers and “interpretive turn” (early 1990’s) • Expansion and inclusion (this century) Creswell, 30 Essential Skills for the Qualitative Researcher. SAGE Publications, 2016. 6

How Qualitative Researchers Think • When approaching a research topic, how do qualitative researchers

How Qualitative Researchers Think • When approaching a research topic, how do qualitative researchers think? • Consider the following picture and describe what you see. Creswell, 30 Essential Skills for the Qualitative Researcher. SAGE Publications, 2016. 7

What do you see? Creswell, 30 Essential Skills for the Qualitative Researcher. SAGE Publications,

What do you see? Creswell, 30 Essential Skills for the Qualitative Researcher. SAGE Publications, 2016. 8

Common Reactions to the Picture From a Quantitative Researcher • Report measures (e. g.

Common Reactions to the Picture From a Quantitative Researcher • Report measures (e. g. , distance of boats) • Describe time of day on the basis of the sun • Describe topography of land • Describe physical dimensions of objects in picture • Enumerate types of colors From a Qualitative Researcher • Tell stories about people • Describe a hush over the lake • Describe ALL aspects of the picture—a panorama unfolds • Discuss contrasts of light and dark • Create poems or songs • Place themselves in the picture • Talk about what is not in the picture • See something unusual or unexpected Creswell, 30 Essential Skills for the Qualitative Researcher. SAGE Publications, 2016. 9

The Nature of Qualitative Research • The central phenomenon is the one central idea

The Nature of Qualitative Research • The central phenomenon is the one central idea you would like learn about or study • The focus may expand as the project proceeds Creswell, 30 Essential Skills for the Qualitative Researcher. SAGE Publications, 2016. 10

The Nature of Qualitative Research About the central phenomenon, we hope to: • Report

The Nature of Qualitative Research About the central phenomenon, we hope to: • Report the actual voices of participants (quotes) • Go out to the setting or context to collect data (e. g. , family, friends, homes, work, interactions) • Look at how processes unfold • Focus on a small number of people or sites for depth • Explore in open-ended way (e. g. , unknown questions, variables) • Develop complex understanding • Lift up voices of marginalized groups • Create multiple perspectives or views (good, bad, ugly) • Contrast different views • Study sensitive, emotional topics • Reflect on our biases and experiences (what you bring to the study) Creswell, 30 Essential Skills for the Qualitative Researcher. SAGE Publications, 2016. 11

Some Misconceptions About Qualitative Research • Qualitative research means only observing or using focus

Some Misconceptions About Qualitative Research • Qualitative research means only observing or using focus groups • Qualitative research is not rigorous or systematic • Qualitative research is to subjective and too interpretative • Qualitative research takes too long to carry out and is expensive Creswell, 30 Essential Skills for the Qualitative Researcher. SAGE Publications, 2016. 12

Summary • Know how qualitative researchers think • Convey characteristics of qualitative research •

Summary • Know how qualitative researchers think • Convey characteristics of qualitative research • Know what characterstics you bring to qualitative research Creswell, 30 Essential Skills for the Qualitative Researcher. SAGE Publications, 2016. 13

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