ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION A I Jenna Parnell Agricultural Leadership

WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION? General definition-the introduction of semen into the oviduct or uterus

QUICK FACTS 99% of female swine artificially inseminated in the world 50% farrow with

ADVANTAGES Genetic Improvement Disease control Cost effectiveness Less stress on gilt/sow (can use larger

TIME SAVING Time Required (in minutes) per female to complete breeding Number of females

DISADVANTAGES Human Error Equipment needed Time/Labor Careful herd observation required Cannot freeze semen due

SUPPLIES NEEDED Collection: Dummy Space Bottles/Caps Extender Thermometer Distilled Water Microscope Storage A. I.

COLLECTION INFORMATION Collection: Every other day 1 -5 semen collections per week 50 -500

PROCESSING THE SEMEN The semen is extended Extender dilutes the semen so that it

STORAGE OF SEMEN Storage Temperature 60 -65 degrees Fahrenheit Typically used within three-seven days

HEAT DETECTION Increased activity Mounting Swelling and redness of vulva Discharge Standing heat Best

BREEDING Gilts- 12 hours after heat detection Sows- 24 hours after heat detection Typically

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ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION A. I. Jenna Parnell Agricultural Leadership

WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION? General definition-the introduction of semen into the oviduct or uterus by some means other than sexual intercourse. Ag definition- the use of semen from a genetically superior male to inseminate a female resulting in a genetically superior offspring.

QUICK FACTS 99% of female swine artificially inseminated in the world 50% farrow with 10 or more piglets per litter Sexing sperm can be done in swine but a very slow process & not used often Frozen sperm not used in the swine industry

ADVANTAGES Genetic Improvement Disease control Cost effectiveness Less stress on gilt/sow (can use larger boar on smaller gilts) Safety Reduce number of boars needed on farm 15 -20 doses per collection

TIME SAVING Time Required (in minutes) per female to complete breeding Number of females Natural Service Artificial Insemination 1 23. 4 34. 6 2 24. 4 25. 7 3 24. 7 21. 7 4 24. 1 19. 8 5 23. 4 18. 9 6 23. 9 18. 0 7 22. 9 17. 6 8 22. 8 17. 3 Tubbs, Rick. Swine Production Management. Helping clients implement an artificial insemination program.

DISADVANTAGES Human Error Equipment needed Time/Labor Careful herd observation required Cannot freeze semen due to decreased fertility Higher level of management BUT better record keeping

SUPPLIES NEEDED Collection: Dummy Space Bottles/Caps Extender Thermometer Distilled Water Microscope Storage A. I. Pipettes/catheters Synchronization

COLLECTION INFORMATION Collection: Every other day 1 -5 semen collections per week 50 -500 m. L per collection 150 -750 (million/m. L) sperm concentration 15 -20 doses per collection Volume varies by breed, age, and collection frequency

PROCESSING THE SEMEN The semen is extended Extender dilutes the semen so that it can be used for many females Extender must be added when semen and extender is within 3 degrees of each other Look at semen under the microscope Bottle and store semen until needed or shipped

SUPPLIES USED

STORAGE OF SEMEN Storage Temperature 60 -65 degrees Fahrenheit Typically used within three-seven days from collection Do not expose to sunlight Temperature fluctuations shorten semen life Rotate bottles 3 -4 times daily

HEAT DETECTION Increased activity Mounting Swelling and redness of vulva Discharge Standing heat Best indicator of estrus *Takes time to catch in heat Return to heat every 21 days

BREEDING Gilts- 12 hours after heat detection Sows- 24 hours after heat detection Typically use 2 -3 doses per female (12 hour difference) Re-check every 21 days for recycling

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