Turn in Complete 1 Turn in your short

Turn in & Complete: 1. Turn in your short answer response from last Friday’s class (if you didn’t finish) 2. Turn in your Long Essay from Essential Question #3 3. Copy down your weekly calendar.

Unit 4 The Ante Bellum Period Part 8 • The New Two-Party System

• In the late 1700’s & early 1800’s politics were controlled by wealthy white men. In the North this meant merchants, bankers, & capitalists while in the South it meant large plantation owners. • While property owners were allowed to vote, nominations were controlled by the upper class. Since the Democratic Republicans enjoyed one-party rule, the nominee was virtually assured election. This system, known as King Caucus, was unpopular & seen as undemocratic.

• Voting restrictions based on property were challenged by the growing middle class, & by 1820 most states allowed voting for all white males. • Martin Van Buren helped create party government by building the first political machine. Party bosses selected candidates & used patronage (favors to political supporters) to stay in power.

• By the early 1820’s the Democratic Republican Party was split along regional lines. • In the 1824 presidential election all of the candidates were Democratic Republicans but each was a favorite son (supported by state & regional leaders). • Andrew Jackson & Henry Clay - West • William Crawford - South • John Quincy Adams – New England

• Although Andrew Jackson won the popular vote, no one had a majority in the electoral college. • The House of Representatives chose from the top 3 candidates. That eliminated Clay, who was Speaker of the House.

• Clay supported Adams even though Jackson had won the popular vote, & the House elected Adams president. Adams then made Clay his Secretary of State. Jackson supporters called this a “corrupt bargain”. • The election of 1824 split Democratic Republicans into distinct parties – the Democrats, led by Jackson, & the National Republicans, led by Adams.

• Adams supported Clay’s American System by asking Congress to fund internal improvements & raise tariffs. • The American System was unpopular in the South, especially the national bank & high tariffs which made goods more expensive.

• Adams was constantly attacked by Jackson’s supporters in Congress. • As a result, little meaningful legislation was passed, & what did pass was heavily criticized, such as the Tariff of 1828. • The Tariff of 1828 taxed imports of raw materials & iron goods, driving up prices. Southerners opposed the new tax & called it the Tariff of Abominations.

Age of Jackson video clip • As you watch, write down some things to fill in a tree map of Jackson’s presidency (successes and failures) – You’ll add to the map tomorrow as well, this is just your beginning impressions.