The Golden Age of Greece Pericles plan Introduced

The Golden Age of Greece Pericles plan – Introduced direct democracy – Strengthen Athenian navy – Build great buildings and sculptures to make Athens beautiful

Golden Age of Art and Architecture • Art – Giant sculptures – Emphasis on beauty of humans • Architecture – Emphasis on balance, harmony, and proportion – columns

Drama and History • Tragedy: drama about hate, war, or betrayal • Comedy: made fun of politicians and famous people • History written by historians like Thuycidides

Philosophers • Socrates – “Socratic Method”: question students – Examine your beliefs and morality – Quote: “There is only one good-knowledge; and there is only one evil-ignorance. ” – Sentenced to death for corrupting youth of Athens

Philosophers • Plato – Student of Socrates – Wrote book The Republic – Ideal political society • Farmers and artisans • Warriors • Rulers: philosopher/kings

Philosophers • Aristotle – Student of Plato – Explained nature in the world – Wrote books about psychology, physics, biology, and logic – Basis for Scientific Method

Greek Philosophy: summarize the ideas of the following philosophers: ØBegin reading on page 138… ØSophists: ØSocrates: ØAristotle: ØPlato: ØThe Stoics (pg 148) ØThe Epicureans (pg 148) ØWhich of these philosophers do you most agree with? Explain why.

Alexander the Great • Greece weakened by Peloponnesian Wars • Alexander took control of Greece after death of his father • Assembled large army and began the spread of Hellenistic (Greek) culture

Alexander’s Empire • Spread Greek ideas and language to Egypt, Persian Empire, and to India • Fought 11 years, then soldiers refused • Merger of Greek and Persian culture emerged

Hellenistic Culture in Alexandria • Trade and cultural center – Trade ships from around the Mediterranean – Cultural diversity – Beauty of Alexandria • • • Wide streets Palaces Statues of Greek gods Lighthouse by the harbor Museum and library

Ancient Mediterranean