Technology In Action Chapter 10 Behind the Scenes
Technology In Action Chapter 10 Behind the Scenes: Software Programming © 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc. NEXT SLIDE 1
Technology In Action Chapter 10 Topics • System development life cycle • Life cycle of a program • Programming languages © 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc. NEXT SLIDE 2
Technology In Action Chapter 10 Systems • System: – A collection of pieces working together to achieve a common goal • Information system includes: – – – Data People Procedures Hardware Software • System development life cycle (SDLC): – An organized process used to develop systems in an orderly fashion © 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc. NEXT SLIDE 3
Technology In Action e Chapter 10 m D e v el o p m e nt Li fe C Development y & Documentation cl e System Development Life Cycle Problem/ Opportunity Identification Analysis Design © 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Testing & Installation Maintenance & Evaluation NEXT SLIDE 4
Technology In Action Chapter 10 Design • A detailed plan for programmers is developed • Flow charts and data-flow diagrams are used for the current and proposed system Data-flow diagram © 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Flowchart 5
Technology In Action Chapter 10 The Life Cycle of a Program • a computer program is a set of detailed directions telling the computer exactly what to do, one step at a time • Programming is the process of translating a task into a series of commands a computer will use to perform that task • Programming involves: – Identifying the parts of a task the computer can perform – Describing tasks in a specific and complete manner – Translating the tasks into a language that is understood by the computer’s CPU © 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc. NEXT SLIDE 6
Technology In Action Chapter 10 Program Development Life Cycle • Click on the steps for more information Step 1 Describing the Problem Step 2 Making a Plan Step 3 Coding Step 4 Debugging Step 5 Finishing the Project © 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc. NEXT SLIDE 7
Technology In Action Chapter 10 Programming Languages • Selecting the right language: – – Space available Speed required Organizational resources available Type of target application Java. Script Flash / Visual C // C++ HTML ASP JSP VBScript XML Basic © 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc. NEXT SLIDE 17
Technology In Action Chapter 10 Low-level Language • Z=X+Y Machine Language 0000000100 001100000101 000100000110 1111000000001 000000011110000 © 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Assembly Language Load X add Y store Z Halt X: . data Y: . data Z: . data 3 4 0 18
Technology In Action Chapter 10 C and C++ • C: – Developed for system programmers – Combines high and low level programming features – Modern operating systems were written in C Sample C++ • C++: – Uses the same features as C – Includes object-oriented design © 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc. NEXT SLIDE 19
Technology In Action Chapter 10 Java • Object-oriented features • Large set of existing classes • Architecture neutral • Java applets: Sample Java – Small Java-based programs © 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc. NEXT SLIDE 20
Technology In Action Chapter 10 Web Applications • Hypertext Markup language (HTML): – Not a true programming language – Uses special symbols (tags) to control how Web pages are viewed • Java. Script: – Used to make Web pages more visually appealing and interactive • VBScript: – A subset of Visual Basic – Used to add interactivity to Web pages © 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc. NEXT SLIDE 21
Technology In Action Chapter 10 Web Applications • Active Server Pages (ASP) and Java Server Pages (JSP): – Adds interactivity capabilities to Web pages – Translates user information into a request for more information from a company’s computer • Flash: – Enables elaborate animations to be created for Web pages • Extensible Markup Language (XML): – Enables computers to efficiently transfer information between Web sites © 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc. NEXT SLIDE 22
Technology In Action Chapter 10 Team Time • Topic – Write a software program that tells a vending machine how to make proper change from the bills or coins the customer insert. The program needs to deliver the smallest possible amount of coins for each transaction. • Four teams – Description team. Generate a problem statement, including: Goal, inputs, outputs, process, error handling – Algorithm design team. Present the problem as a top-down design sequence of steps. Using flowchart. – Testing team. Creating a testing plan for the program. Develop a table listing combinations of inputs and correct outputs © 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 23
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