Rashes Islamic University Nursing College Chickenpox 1 Chickenpox

Rashes Islamic University Nursing College

Chicken-pox 1 -Chicken-pox , Varicella zoster virus 2 -Crops of vesicles mainly on the trunk and head. -Pass through various stages of papule, vesicle, pustule and crust. 3 -Symptomatic : analgesia – paracetamol for discomfort and pyrexia. -pruritis – antihistamine or calamine lotion - acyclovir only for those at risk of complications or immunocompromised.

Chicken-pox

Impetigo • 1 -Staph areus and streptococcal pyogenes • 2 -Thin–roofed vesicles or bullae surrounded by narrow margin of erythema. The vesicles /bullae rupture to release thin cloudy yellow fluid. This fluid dries to form thick yellow crusts. • 3 -topical-bactroban(mupirocin) ointment/betadine cream - antibiotics – flucloxacillin or erythromycin

SLIDE 2 Impetigo

Erythema Multiforme Steven-Johnson Syndrome (mucous membrane involvement) 1 -Drug most commonly associated-Allopurinol 5 Recent drugs- Nevirapine, lamotrigine, sertraline, pantoprazole, tramadol Antibiotics- Sulphonamides, including co-trimoxazole, penicillin cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, vancomycin NSAIDs- Piroxicam, fenbufen, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, tenoxicam, diclofenac, sulindac Anti-TB- Rifampicin, ethambutol, isoniazid, pyrazinamide Anticonvulsants- Barbiturates, carbamazepine, phenytoin, valproate, lamotrigine - Infective herpes simplex 2 -target lesion –round , erythematous papules contain central blister or darker area of necrosis

Erythema Multiforme

Scabies 1 -Mite –sarcoptes scabeii 2 -Clothes, towels, and bed linen should be machinewashed (at 50 degrees Celsius or above) to prevent reinfestation and transmission. Items that cannot be washed can be kept in plastic bags for at least 72 hours to contain the mites until they die. -benzyl benzoate lotion , apply for 24 hours , may be repeated in 1 week -permethrin cream Antiscabial soap alone is not an effective treatment Babies <2 months -5% sulphur ointment

Scabies

1 -Measles 2 -Single stranded RNA Morbillivirus from the paramyxovirus family. 3 - Symptoms • • Prodrome - lasts 2 -4 days with fever, runny nose, mild conjunctivitis and diarrhoea. Koplik spots are pathognomic and appear on the buccal mucosa opposite the second molar teeth as small, red spots each with a bluish-white speck (sometimes compared to a grain of rice) in the centre. 6 They occur in 60 -70% of patients during the prodrome and for up to 2 -3 days before the onset of the rash. Rash - (morbilliform = measles-like) first seen on forehead and neck and spreads, involves trunk and finally limbs over 3 -4 days. It may become confluent in some areas. Rash then fades after 3 -4 days in the order of its appearance. It leaves behind a brownish discoloration sometimes accompanied by fine desquamation. 4 -Uncomplicated measles is usually self-limiting and treatment is mainly symptomatic with paracetamol or ibuprofen and plenty of fluids. Patients should remain at home to limit disease spread. It is a notifyable disease

Measles