Poetry Analysis 101 A Guide to Understanding Poetry

Poetry Analysis 101 A Guide to Understanding Poetry

Where do I start? • To really understand a poem you need to read it 3 times. • 1 st to just read it through • 2 nd to analyze structure (rhyme scheme, meter, figurative language, etc. ) • 3 rd to analyze meaning • Let’s start with an easy one

Reading 1 • Just read the poem and absorb the language. Enjoy the imagery and the rhythm of the words. • Close your eye if you want to—I’ll read it to you

“Music” by Percy Bysshe Shelly Music, when soft voices die, Vibrates in the memory; Odours, when sweet violets sicken, Live within the sense they quicken. Rose leaves, when the rose is dead, Are heap'd for the beloved's bed; And so thy thoughts, when thou art gone, Love itself shall slumber on.

Reading 2 • Now let’s look at the form of this poem Any personification? Any metaphors? Similes? What is the rhyme scheme? What does this rhyme scheme tell you? An wo y d o rd s kn n’t you ow ? Music, when soft voices die, Vibrates in the memory; Odours, when sweet violets sicken, Live within the sense they quicken. Rose leaves, when the rose is dead, Are heap'd for the beloved's bed; And so thy thoughts, when thou art gone, Love itself shall slumber on.

Reading 3 • What kinds of questions do I ask? • Remember, everything in poetry is done for a purpose, so you have to be constantly asking “WHY? ” and “WHAT? ” • • Why did he say this? What is this supposed to mean? What does this represent? What is the overall point?

Reading 3 When a song is over, you still remember it the sound When a rose dies the petals can be used on the bed(coffin). You remember the love that the rose represents. I don’t actually know this, but it makes sense, think of how people spread flower petals now as a romantic thing, dead petals are the opposite of that. Music, when soft voices die, Vibrates in the memory; Odours, when sweet violets sicken, Live within the sense they quicken. Rose leaves, when the rose is dead, Are heap'd for the beloved's bed; And so thy thoughts, when thou art gone, Love itself shall slumber on. A big part of analyzing poetry is realizing that there isn’t a right or wrong, it’s all about saying your opinion and telling why it’s right. If you think it’s right, then it can be! When a smell is gone, you can still remember the scent And when you (my love) die, and your thoughts are gone, my love for you will live on, and be a remembrance of you

Descriptive Language • One important thing to think about when analyzing poetry is the descriptive language. • Picking particular adjectives and adverbs make a huge difference in the meaning of the poem

Insert your own adjectives Using this simple poetic stanza, put in whatever descriptive words to have it make sense. The sun rises and I have _____ thoughts. My eyes ____ open, the ______ inside me growing. ____, I step towards the day, knowing I am _______, I am ____, that’s what this day has brought. See how important descriptive language can be?

“She Walks in Beauty” By: Lord George Gordon Byron She walks in beauty like the night of cloudless climes and starry skies; And all that’s best of dark and bright Meet in her aspect and her eyes Thus mellow’d to that tender light Which heaven to gaudy day denies. One shade the more, one ray the less, Had half impair’d the nameless grace Which waves in every raven tress, Or softly lightens o’er her face Where thoughts serenely sweet express How pure, how dear their dwelling place. And on that cheek, and o’er that brow, So soft, so calm, yet eloquent, The smiles that win, the tints that glow, But tells of days in goodness spent, A mind at peace with all below, A heart whose love is innocent!

Reading 2 She walks in beauty like the night of cloudless climes and starry skies; And all that’s best of dark and bright Meet in her aspect and her eyes Thus mellow’d to that tender light Which heaven to gaudy day denies One shade the more, one ray the less, Had half impair’d the nameless grace Which waves in every raven tress, Or softly lightens o’er her face Where thoughts serenely sweet express How pure, how dear their dwelling place. And on that cheek, and o’er that brow, So soft, so calm, yet eloquent, The smiles that win, the tints that glow, But tells of days in goodness spent, A mind at peace with all below, A heart whose love is innocent! • What is the rhyme scheme? • Any figurative language? • Let’s look at the descriptive language. • Look at all the highlighted words, those words create the mood and tone of the poem. • Imagine if he had used other adjectives, it would have a completely different feel.

Reading 3 She walks in beauty like the night of cloudless climes and starry skies; And all that’s best of dark and bright Meet in her aspect and her eyes Thus mellow’d to that tender light Which heaven to gaudy day denies One shade the more, one ray the less, Had half impair’d the nameless grace Which waves in every raven tress, Or softly lightens o’er her face Where thoughts serenely sweet express How pure, how dear their dwelling place. And on that cheek, and o’er that brow, So soft, so calm, yet eloquent, The smiles that win, the tints that glow, But tells of days in goodness spent, A mind at peace with all below, A heart whose love is innocent! • What is happening in the poem? • What is the author describing? • What happened? • How does he feel? • Are there any words you don’t know? • What is the mood? • What is he trying to express? • Is he successful?

“Mother to Son” By: Langston Hughes Well, son, I'll tell you: Life for me ain't been no crystal stair. It's had tacks in it, And splinters, And boards torn up, And places with no carpet on the floor— Bare. But all the time I'se been a-climbin' on, And reachin' landin's, And turnin' corners, And sometimes goin' in the dark Where there ain't been no light. So, boy, don't you turn back. Don't you set down on the steps. 'Cause you finds it's kinder hard. Don't you fall now— For I'se still goin', honey, I'se still climbin', And life for me ain't been no crystal stair.

Analysis…. Well, son, I'll tell you: Life for me ain't been no crystal stair. It's had tacks in it, And splinters, And boards torn up, And places with no carpet on the floor— Bare. But all the time I'se been a-climbin' on, And reachin' landin's, And turnin' corners, And sometimes goin' in the dark Where there ain't been no light. So, boy, don't you turn back. Don't you set down on the steps. 'Cause you finds it's kinder hard. Don't you fall now— For I'se still goin', honey, I'se still climbin', And life for me ain't been no crystal stair. • What does the voice of the narrator tell you? • Who is she? • What has her life been like? • Where is she from? • Remember the narrator and the author are usually not the same person. • Who is she talking to? • Who ELSE is she talking to? • Which words stick out to you as important? • Important words are ones that tell you a lot very simply

Read Aloud • Poetry is best when heard out loud. It’s an art form that is easiest to understand when you hear it. • Each person reads a poem differently, so we, the audience, can see a little bit of their personality in the poem, which affects how we understand it. • The human soul is in the writing of poetry, but the soul of the poem can’t be let out, unless a person is there to do it.

Read Aloud • Each person in the class has the same poem as someone else (color coded). • Study it, get familiar with the language. • Each pair will read their poems • This is not a competition, this is just to see how your different personalities and interpretations change the meaning of the poem. • Put some effort in! You won’t be funny by reading it robotically or monotone on purpose.

Read Aloud Continued • Now that you have read your poems aloud, you will work with your poem partner to analyze your poem by writing one welldeveloped paragraph (one paragraph between you). • BUT • How do you do that?

Writing an Analysis • Things to remember • Poetry is subjective, meaning each person brings their own thoughts, feelings, and experiences to it • There is NO right answer to analyzing poetry, if you feel it, it can be right • You do have to EXPLAIN your feelings and connect them to the writing, it can’t just be random stuff • To write about poetry you have to have a reaction and talk about it. • Everyone can do it!

Sample Analysis Music: by Percy Bysshe Shelly Music, when soft voices die, Vibrates in the memory; Odours, when sweet violets sicken, Live within the sense they quicken. Rose leaves, when the rose is dead, Are heap'd for the beloved's bed; And so thy thoughts, when thou art gone, Love itself shall slumber on. My goal is to discuss the couplets, the sensory images and the overall meaning. The rhyming couplets connect each set of lines together; they also create focus of each idea. The sensory images (sound, smell, sight) create a flow to the poem and then in the final couplet where it goes to the mind, the ideas have already circled that. The overall meaning says that as long as you remember someone in your heart, they will be a part of your life forever. Now let’s combine my ideas into a cohesive paragraph!

Alw an ays s d na the ay th me au tho e title ! r’s full Final Paragraph In his poem “Music” poet Percy Bysshe Shelly connects the sound of music to the loss of a love. Throughout the poem Shelly uses the music, specifically the lyrical qualities of rhyming couplets to make this point. The music of the poem directly connect to the music of love. This love, like other qualities interpreted through the senses, is embedded in the memory of the lover, much like a clip of a tune or the line of a song remain in with a listener. Likewise, Shelly notes, love too stays remains as long as an individual keeps it a part of himself or herself; it cannot fade. Shelly notes that the way a person remembers the sound of beautiful music, how that person remembers the scent of flowers, and how the same flowers can show love and death together. Finally, he concludes that just like the scent of the flower, the feelings of love he has can never be lost as long as he remembers them vividly in his heart. Do you agree with this interpretation? Does it matter? Note: The writer does not say “I think” or “I feel, ” The writer does not even have to say anything about the fact that it is his/her opinion. This interpretation of Shelley’s conclusions shows opinion. Likewise, just state your interpretation as if it is a matter of fact. If you were to read this, without knowing who wrote it, you might think that this was TRUE, but really it’s just MY educated analysis. Everyone is capable of doing the same thing…with a little practice of course

Your turn! • Now, working with a partner you are going to analyze your poem. • Ask the kind of questions we practiced about form, meaning, and imagery. • Use your answers to these questions to write an in-depth paragraph of analysis.