Physical and Mental Demands of Performance Which activity
- Slides: 16
Physical and Mental Demands of Performance
Which activity is most likely to use aerobic respiration for energy? 10 km cross country run Vault in gymnastics Shot put Jumping to block a shot in basketball (1 mark)
All of the following are functions of the blood except: Transport Protection Energy production Temperature control (1 mark)
Explain what is meant by ‘hypothermia’. (2 marks) • Rapid or excessive cooling of the body • through cold water • cold weather • to below 35°C.
Describe the actions to be taken when someone is suffering from hypothermia. (2 marks) • Provide extra layers of clothes. • Seek shelter. • Eat warm or hot food. • Warm or hot drink. • Remove wet clothing. • Replace with dry clothing. • Insulate with extra blankets or foil or sleeping bags etc. • Seek warmth from another person. • Seek medical help.
Fractures are common injuries in sport. State how a fracture can be recognised. (1 mark) • Pain • Abnormal shape • Swelling • Bruising • Unnatural position • Bone sticking out • Snapping sound when it happens • Immobility
Which of the following would not be classed as an externally caused injury? (1 mark) • Compound fracture • Greenstick fracture • Open fracture • Stress fracture
Describe what is meant be the term fatigue and the problems associated with it for a sportsperson. (4 marks) • A feeling of physical or mental tiredness brought on by extreme exertion. • Leads to local muscle fatigue – parts of body cannot continue. • Concentration levels decrease and judgement becomes poor. • Skill levels decrease. • Cannot be stopped unless the intensity levels are reduced or the rest is taken.
Explain what is meant by an overuse injury. (1 mark) • Injury caused by training too much. • Includes injuries such as stress fractures or tennis elbow.
What is meant by the RICE principle? (5 marks) • A method for treating soft tissue (muscle, tendon and ligament) injuries. • Rest; stop activity immediately. • Ice; to reduce swelling and pain. • Compression; to reduce swelling and support injured area. • Elevation; raise injured area above heart to decrease circulation.
• Define aerobic respiration. (1 mark) Respiration / energy production which occurs in the presence of oxygen.
What is gaseous exchange and where does it take place? (2 marks) • The process where oxygen is taken in from the air and exchanged for carbon dioxide. • Occurs at the alveoli in the lungs.
What happens to breathing rate during exercise? (2 marks) • It increases. • Due to greater demand for oxygen • And requirement to remove carbon dioxide.
Define anaerobic respiration. (1 mark) • Respiration / energy production without oxygen.
What is oxygen debt? (2 marks) • A requirement to increase breathing rate in order to intake more oxygen. • Follows periods of anaerobic exercise.
How do you measure and improve cardiovascular endurance? (4 marks) • Cardiovascular endurance levels can be determined using resting pulse rate or pulse recovery rate. • Improved with aerobic training. • Aerobic training forces the heart and lungs to adapt to the increased work load. • This is done by training in the aerobic training zone. • This is 60 -80% max heart rate. • Max HR calculated by 220 -age. • HR can be determined using pulse rate or a heart rate monitor.
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