Europeans Claim Muslim Lands How do Europeans try

Europeans Claim Muslim Lands How do Europeans try to expand their empires into Muslim lands?

Ottoman Empire Loses Power p. 352 1. 2. 3. What followed Suleyman I’s death? What caused financial problems? What did Selim III try to do and who resisted him?

Decline of Ottoman Empire Crimean War reveals weaknesses in Ottoman military Ottomans allow parts of Empire to break away Europeans (esp Britain & Russia) want former Ottoman land for geopolitical reasons

Persia Russia had gained influence in Persian territory, however Britain was looking to gain influence Persian rulers favored Britain, allowed Br. tobacco to be sold Many upset at western influence, Jamal al-Afghani leads a boycott of British tobacco Read: Primary source (p 356), Discuss: Why did Al-Afghani condemn the Persian ruler? Boycott worked, but weak leadership & lack of capital allowed Russia & Britain to gain more influence over country

Afghanistan Russia gaining influence in Central Asia British want Afghanistan as buffer between India & Russia British invade Afghanistan first war fought 1839 -1842, British win & gain some land British fight second war 1878 -1880, Afghans give more territory to British – Russia & Afghanistan sign non-aggression pact

Suez Canal New Egyptian leader Isma’il creating big debts modernizing Egypt, incl a canal connecting the Mediterranean & Red Sea Egyptians turn to French to help build the canal French & Egyptians borrow from British banks, can’t pay debt British Government buys the debt & gains control of canal (1869), have sphere of influence in Egypt British see the canal as the “lifeline of the empire”