Clinical Neuroscience by Kelly Lambert and Craig Howard

Clinical Neuroscience by Kelly Lambert and Craig Howard Kinsley Chapter 2 Research, Treatment, and Points of View: Historical Perspectives

Emergence of the Brain as the Controlling Center of Behavior, Emotions, and Thought Head, Heart, and Mind–Body Problem n n n Hippocrates: Heart of mental functions Galen: Spirit of mental functions René Descartes: Body meets mind

Emergence of the Brain as the Controlling Center of Behavior, Emotions, and Thought (cont. ) Localizing Functions in the Brain n Thomas Willis: Pioneer of brain functions Franz Joseph Gall: Rise and fall of phrenology Paul Broca: Localization of language

Emergence of the Brain as the Controlling Center of Behavior, Emotions, and Thought (cont. ) Pioneers of Cellular Investigations in the Brain: The Architects n n n Camillo Golgi: Revealing neuronal structure with the perfect stain Santiago Ramón y Cajal: Providing evidence for the neuron doctrine Charles Scott Sherrington: Describing the synapse

Emergence of the Brain as the Controlling Center of Behavior, Emotions, and Thought (cont. ) Pioneers of Cellular Investigations in the Brain: The Chemical Engineers n n Otto Loewi: Dreaming of chemical communication Edgar D. Adrian: Amplifying the electrical language of the neuron

Neurological Approaches to Mental Illness Meets the Microscope Jean-Martin Charcot: Birth of Neurology

The Investigators: Eric Richard Kandel: From Studying the History of Neuroscience to Becoming the History of Neuroscience

Biological Therapies for Mental Illness Early Biological Treatments Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) The Drug Revolution Psychosurgery

Importance of a Therapeutic Environment Phillip Pinel and the Fall of the Asylum Behaviorism: A Different Type of Therapeutic Environment Beyond Behaviorism: Rethinking the Role of Mental Processes in Mental Health

Profiling the Pioneers of Clinical Neuroscience

Summary