17 1 Composition of Matter Matter something with
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17. 1 Composition of Matter
• Matter- something with mass that takes up space
• Substance - an element or compound that or Mixture? cannot be broken down and still maintain properties. 1. Element- a substance with all atoms alike – Examples: helium, gold, nitrogen 2. Compound- a substance with the atoms of two or more elements combined in fixed proportions • Examples: water H 2 O, carbon dioxide CO 2
Substance or Mixture? • Mixture- material of two or more substances that can easily be separated. • Examples: coke, pizza, salsa
Heterogeneous or Homogeneous Mixture • Heterogeneous mixture- materials are easily distinguished. – Examples: concrete, granola bar, pizza • Homogeneous mixture- evenly blended mixture – Examples: unopened soda, vinegar
Mixtures that are fluids • Solutions- homogeneous mixture, particles never settle and are too small for microscope. – Parts of a solution: • Solute: the material being dissolved • Solvent: the material doing the dissolving • 3 ways to dissolve solids into liquids more quickly: – Increase temperature – Shake or stir – Break solute into smaller particles
• Tyndall Effect- the scattering of light by fine particles in a fluid mixture. (Does not occur in solutions, particles are too small) • Examples: headlight in fog, blue irises in human eyes • Suspensions- heterogeneous mixture, larger particles will settle to bottom and liquid will clear. • Example: muddy pond water
