ZHOU YUMING SUBJECT VERB AGREEMENT also PRONOUNANTECEDENT AGREEMENT

ZHOU YUMING SUBJECT VERB AGREEMENT also, PRONOUN-ANTECEDENT AGREEMENT

Contents KEY POINTS AND DIFFICULTIES REAL SUBJECTS STUCTURES APPENDICES

QUIZ: AGREEMENT 1. There ______ several reasons why you should reconsider your decision. A. are B. is 2. Howard and Vincent, who _____ a copy center in town, have decided to expand their business. A. run B. runs 3. Both of the statues on the shelf ____ broken. A. are B. is 4. The fishing boat that has been tied up at the pier for three days ____ finally on its way this morning. A. were B. was 5. The chairman, along with his two assistants, _____ to attend the annual convention. B. plans A. plan

QUIZ: AGREEMENT 6. The issues of inflation and tax reform ______ to be on everyone's mind. A. continues B. continue 7. Juan or Julian ______ the conference room each week. A. prepare B. prepares 8. Not one of the performers ______ at the party after the concert. A. were B. was 9. The results of the election ______ not available for two days. A. were B. was 10. When there ______ thunderstorms approaching, we are always reminded of the threat of A. are B. is tornadoes

SUBJECT WITH MODIFIERS @Both of the statues on the shelf are broken. @The chairman, along with his two assistants, plans to attend the annual convention. @The issues of inflation and tax reform continue to be on everyone's mind. @Not one of the performers was at the party after the concert. @The results of the election were not available for two days. @The fishing boat that has been tied up at the pier for three days was finally on its way this morning. @ 主谓一致, 也就是主语和谓语动词在人称和数要保持一致 @ 主语有可能不和动词相连

REAL SUBJECTS v The number of students in our school ______ (be)1987. A number of students ____ (like) playing football. v My new pair of socks ____ (be) on the bed. Here ____ (be) some new pairs of shoes. A suit of clothes ____ (be) not enough. A committee of five men and three women ____ (is, are) to consider the matter. � v This kind of men _______ (be) dangerous. Men of this kind ____ (be) dangerous. These kind of men ____ (annoy) me. Some kinds of bamboo ____ (grow) very fast. v Many a student ____ (enjoy) popular music More members than one ____ (be) against your plan. More than one person ____ (was, were) dismissed. One or two days ____ (is, are) enough to see the city. A student or two _____ (has, have) failed the exam.

REAL SUBJECTS v Each of the books ____ (is, are) of great use to us. v They each ____ (has, have) a dictionary. v The children ____ (has, have) a story book each. n each作同位语的情况要区别开来 v Nobody but Tom and Jack ______ (knows, know) the secret. v We as well as he _______ (is, are) interested in physics. v The teacher, together with his students, ____(is, are) going to see the film. v Many people, including my mother, _______ (wants, want) to buy this kind of cloth. v Nothing but two books ______ (was, were) found in the box. n 像这种结构还有: n along with, no less than, (un)like, not, except, besides, rather than, including…

IT IS DIFFERENT! 特殊的 主语

NOUNS WITH ENDING -S v No news _____(is, are) good news. v Maths ____ (is, are) very popular in our class. v Every means ____ (has, have) been tried to cure his disease, but in vain. v This works ____ (was, were) built in 2003. v These works ____ (has, have) been closed since the beginning of this year due to the strike of the workers. v The steel works ____ (is, are) closed for the holidays v The United Nations ____ (is, are) trying to find a better way. To solve the problems. v The Selected Works of Mao Zedong _______(is, are) well respected in China. n 并不是所有以-s结尾的名词都是复数, 这类名词还有: n campus(campuses), physics, politics, economics, series, species …

PLURAL NOUNS v Domestic cattle ____ (provides, provide) us with milk, beef and hides. v Our youth ____ (is, are) promising. v The English _______ (likes, like) to be with their family at Christmas. v The crew _____ (was, were) made up of strong and able men. v The crew _____ (was, were) watching TV. v The football team ____ (is, are) the best one in this area. v The football team ____ (is, are) having a bath. n 没有加-s不一定就不是复数, 这类词还有: n sheep, fish, deer, Chinese, Japanese, … n teeth, feet, geese, mice, oxen, … n people, police n audience, , crowd, group, army, committee, enemy, public, union, government, school

INDEFINITE PRONOUNS All that glitters _______ (is, are) not gold. Since all ______ ( is, are) here, let’s begin the meeting. The rest of the bicycles ____ (is, are) on sale today. The rest of the lecture ______ (is, are) dull. Half of the building ____(was, were) destroyed. Half of the students ____ (is, are) boys. Most of my friends ____ (is, are) away for the moment. Most of his spare time ____(was, were) wasted. n 确定这些代词所指代的事物, 指代复数时才用复数 v None of my friends ever _____ (comes, come) to see me. n none, neither单复数均可, 但现在多用复数 v v v v

IT IS DIFFERENT! 特殊的 结构

STUCTURES WITH ‘AND’ v The poet and writer ____ (has, have) gone to Shenzhen. v Pride and prejudice ____(is, are) a very popular novel written by Jane Austen v There ____ (is, are) a knife and fork on the table. v Here ____ (is, are) a needle and thread for you. v The bread and butter ____ (has, have) gone bad. v Each boy and each girl ___ (was, were) given a present. v Every door and every window ____ (is, are) to be cleaned. v No teacher and no student ____ (is, are) allowed to enter the room without permission. v One term and a half _______ (has, have) already passed. v One and a half apples ____ (is, are) left on the table. v All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. n and 的结构并不总是用复数

STURCTURES WITH ‘OR’ ‘BUT’ v v v v v Either you or he ____ (is, are) to blame. ____ (Is, Are) either you or he to blame? He or you ____ (has, have) taken my pen. Neither Tom nor his parents ____ (has, have) known about it. Not only the teacher but also his students ____ (objects, object) to the plan. It hasn’t been decided whether he or I ___ going abroad n 由or 或but 的连接的主语, 多用就近原则 There ___ (is, are) a table and some chairs in the room. Here _____ ( is, are) some envelopes and paper for you. Here _______ (is, are) a teacher and some students. n there-be句型及其变型在主谓一致上与众不同

CLAUSES v v v v v What they need _______ (is, are) more money. What we need _______ (is, are) bicycles. What he left me _______ (is, are) but a few old books. I, who ____ (be) old, have never seen such a thing. Those who ____ (agrees, agree) with him raise their hands. He lives in the house which ______ (be) near our school. It is I who _______(be) knocking at the door. His brother is one of the students who ____ (is, are) ready to help others. She is the only one of the girls who ____ (comes, come) from the countryside.

C 1. The number of people invited ____ fifty, but a number of them ______ absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were 2. The number of students in this school ______ by 5% C every year. A. rise B. raise C. rises D. raises 3. A library with five thousand books _____ to the A nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered

4. E-mail, as well as telephones, ____ an important part A in daily communication. A. is playing B. have played C. are played D. play B 5. Nobody but Jane _______ the secret. A. Know B. knows C. have known D. is known D 6. All but one ______ here just now. A. is B. was C. has been D. were D 7. Either you or the headmaster ____ the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting. A. is handing out B. are to hand out C. are handing out D. is to hand out B 8. Not only I but also Jane and Mary ______ tired of having one examination after another. A. is B. are C. am D.

B 9. She is one of the few girls who _____ in the kindergarten. A. is well paid B. are well paid C. is paying D. are paid well C 10. _____ of the land in that district _____ covered with trees and grass. A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are A 11. When and where to build the new factory ____ yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided 12. There _____ no life on the moon. C A. is said to have B. are said to have C. is said to be D. are said to be

13. ----Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons, ____ to go to university. B ----So do I. A. hope B. hopes C. hoping D. hoped A 14. A group of _______ are eating ____ and ____ at the foot of the hill. A. sheep; grass; leaves B. sheeps; grasses; leaves C. sheep; grass; leaf D. sheeps; grass; leafs 15. All the ____ are made of _______, not plastics. B A. glass; glass B. glasses; glass C. glass; glasses D. glasses; glasses 16. It was he and I who _____ at your house yesterday. C A. was B. am C. were D. is B 17. All means that _____ possible _____ been used to save him A. is; have B. were; have C. was; has D. are; has

二．用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Her advice _______ useful to me. ( be ) is 2. Laying eggs _______ the queen ant’s full-time job. is ( be ) 3. Everyone _______ Tom and Mary will get married knows next month. (know) 4. Nothing ______ been done to stop the lake from has being polluted. (have) 5. Either of the rooms ____ big enough. ( be ) is 6. More than one person _____ killed in the was accident. ( be ) 7. More questions than one _______ been asked. ( have) have 8. A poor woman together with her four children ______ found begging in the street. ( be ) was

9. The professor, including all of his students ______ has gone abroad. ( have) 10. Two hours _____ enough for us to finish the is work. ( be ) 11. One hundred dollars a month _____ not is a high pay. ( be ) 12. Arabian Nights _____ a book popular with the is young children. ( be ) 13. Politics _______ not easy for the students to is learn well. ( be ) 14. The youth ______ fond of rock ’n roll music. ( be ) are 15. Fifty tons of coal _______ wasted in the factory were last year. ( be ) 16. A large quantity of new machines _______ been have bought by the factory this year. ( have )

17. Collecting stamps and playing the guitar _____ are my hobbies. 18. Each boy and each girl ______ to finish the work is on time. ( be ) 19. What they needed _____ some water. ( be ) is 20. Nearly 60 percent of the students in our class ____ boys. ( be ) are 21. More than two thirds of the surface of the earth ___ covered by water. ( be ) is 22. Neither my parents nor my sister _______ known has the secret. ( have ) 23. There ___ some water and stones in the bottle. ( be ) is

三．对比选择填空： 1．a. He is the only one of the students that _______ C got full mark. b. He is one of the students that ______ got full make. D A. is B. are C. has D. have 2. a. Three fourths of the teachers present _____ against B the plan. b. Three fourths of the surface of the earth ______ A covered with water. A. is B. are C. was D. were 3. a. The famous singer and dancer ____ our party this D evening. b. The famous singer and the famous dancer _____ our A party this evening. A. are going to attend B. was to attend C. were to attend D. is going to attend

4. a. A number of students ____ from the country. B b. The number of students _____ 900. A A. is B. are C. has D. have B 5. a. Where and when to have the party _____ not been decided yet. b. What I say and think _____ nothing to do with you. B A. is B. has C. are D. have 6. a. Many a boy ______ this kind of bicycle. B b. Many boys ______ this kind of bicycle. A A. like B. likes 7. a. All but one ____ here now. D b. There is nothing unusual. All _____ going well. B A. has B. is C. have D. are

C 8. a. What she wants ____ more time. b. What she wants ____ more sheep. D A. has B. have C. is D. are 9. a. I can work out two of the five problems, but the rest B ______ too difficult for me. b. I have finished one third of the work and the rest A _____ left for you. A. is B. are C. has D. have 10. a. The population of the small country _____ 600, 000. C b. Two thirds of the population in this small country D ____ farmers. A. has B. have C. is D. are C 11. a. The basketball team ______ baths now. b. The basketball team ______ 5 members. A A. has B. is having C. are having D. have

12. a. My family ____ very small. A b. The family ______ sitting round the table now. D A. is B. were C. was D. are C 13. a. Either you or I ______ going to the teacher’s office after class. b. ______ either you or I going to the teacher’s office C after class? A. is B. are C. am D. has B 14. a. They each ______ a new English-Chinese dictionary. b. Each of them ______ a new English-Chinese dictionary. A A. has B, have C. is D. are 15. a. A scientist and some of his assistants _____ to help C to do the work. D b. A scientist , as well as some of his assistants, ____ to help to do the work. A. sent B. send C. were sent D. was sent

15. a. There __ a magazine, a few letters and some A newspapers on the table. b. There ___ a few letters, a magazine and some B newspaper on the table. A. is B. are C. have D. has 16. a. Either of the street ______ lined by trees and A flowers. b. Both of the street _______ lined by trees and B flowers. A. is B. are C. have D. has 17. a. All that he needs ____ more time and money. A b. All that he needs ____ more natural B resources. A. is B. are C. have D. has

18. a. The rest of the students in the school ____ going B to stay at school. b. The rest of his income _______ to give to his A mother. A. is B. are C. was D. were 19. a. The sheep that he has raised _____ white ones. B b. The sheep he is going to give to his son _______ A a young one. A. is B. are C. have D. has

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ZHOU YUMING