Your Bodys Defense Physical Defenses o First line
Your Body’s Defense
Physical Defenses o First line of defense o Skin o Hair o Mucous o Cilia o Saliva o Tears o Sweat o Digestive tract
Skin o Protects from micro-organisms entering the body o Open cuts/ sores provide entrance o Cells die and are shed
Sweat o Our body has many sweat glands o Sweat is released to control body temp o Sweat contains acids that kill pathogens
Mucous Membranes o Moist linings around all entrances to body o Covered with mucous o Mucous = sticky substance o Mucous traps pathogens o Mucous is released from body
Saliva & Tears o Contain enzymes that fight pathogens o Tears wash away foreign substances
Cilia o Tiny hair-like structures o Trap pathogens o Help remove mucous from body
Digestive Tract o Moves pathogens out of body o Acids/ chemicals in digestive tract o Stomach/ intestines/ bladder o Chemicals kill pathogens
Second Line of Defense o Occurs after pathogen enters the body o Inflammation
Inflammation o 1 st stage of healing o Increased blood flow to area o Increased size/ temperature/ redness o Caused by dilation of blood vessels
Phagocytes o Blood brings phagocytes & chemicals o Phagocytes = white blood cells n Digest pathogens, dead cells, waste o Chemicals n Kill pathogens & start tissue healing
Immune System o Last line of defense o Lymphatic system, lymph nodes, lymphocytes o Lymph nodes store and filter lymph o Lymph - fluid containing lymphocytes o Lymphocytes - white blood cells
Lymphocytes o B-cells & T-cells o T-cells n n Produce interferon- warns cells about pathogen Kill some pathogens directly o B-cells create antibodies n Antibodies bind to pathogens/ toxins until phagocytes find them
Immunity o Active Immunity-body creates antibodies n Through sickness of immunization o Immunization/ vaccine – injected with small amount of pathogen o Passive Immunity-passed from mother to child through birth or breast milk
Treatment o Antibiotics – kill living organisms n Treat bacterial infections only o Fungus are treated with cream or topical treatment
Treatment of Virus o Anti-viral can stop a virus from reproducing n n Most viruses are fought by our immune system with… Rest Proper diet Water
Prevention o Eat well-balanced meals. o Get enough rest. (8 hours) o Get exercise. (30 minutes at least 3 -4 x week) o Wash hands/ shower. o Keep hands out of eyes and mouth. o Have regular physicals/ dental visits.
Prevention o Get vaccinated o Don’t share utensils, glasses, cups etc. o Avoid sick people. o Avoid stress. Use stress management techniques. o Find time to relax.
Questions
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