You only have to copy down the following

You only have to copy down the following definitions as they appear in the Power. Point. Look at the examples to understand the concepts. : Civil War Revolution Coup D’etat Reform

Civil War • Unsuccessful attempt to overthrow an existing government, involving a violent war fought between opposing forces within the same country. – The two sides can receive outside support from other countries. – The conflict may take a long time, and involve periods when the fighting stops.

Famous Civil War • • 1455 -1485 England War of the Roses House of York & House of Lancaster battle for English throne

Famous Civil War • 1642 -1652 • English Civil War

Famous Civil War • 1861 -1865 • American Civil War • South was unsuccessful in their attempt to form the Confederate States of America

Famous Civil War • 1936 -1939 • Spanish Civil War • Spanish Fascists with the help of Italian & German troops defeated the Republican army that included British & American liberals and Russian Communists.

Famous Civil War • 1991 -2001 • Yugoslavia • Serbs, Croats, and Muslims fought for control of Bosnia • Genocide of Muslims

Famous Civil War • 1990 -1994 • Rwanda • The Hutu and Tutsi fought for control of the government • Millions were slaughtered in the genocide.

Famous Civil War • 2004 -present • Iraq • Sunni and Shiite groups fight for control of the country • Kurds and other minorities seek independence.

Revolution • Successful attempt to overthrow an existing government, aimed at changing the political and social structures as well as the leadership of a country. – Based on a desire to end perceived wrongs in the country. – The changes made are often based on philosophical ideas.

Famous Revolution • 1776 • American Revolution • Declaration of Independence

Famous Revolution • 1789 • French Revolution • Liberty, Equality, Fraternity • Declaration of the Rights of Man

Famous Revolution • 1804 • Haitian Revolution • Plantation slaves overthrew the French colonial government & declared their freedom & independence.

Famous Revolution • 1917 • Russian Revolution • Tsar is deposed by the Provisional Government. • Bolsheviks seized power in a coup. • Civil War broke out. • The Reds defeat the Whites & created the 1 st Communist state.

Famous Revolution • 1949 • Chinese Revolution • Mao Zedong & the Peoples Liberation Army defeated the Nationalists.

Famous Revolution • 1979 • Iranian Revolution • Religious leader Ayatollah Khomeini overthrew the Shah of Iran • Created Muslim theocracy.

Coup d’etat • Quick, illegal takeover of the government of a country by a small group of conspirators within the country. – – Can be violent or non-violent. It’s success depends on speed and surprise. It results in rule by a dictator. It’s often staged by military groups: a military coup.

Famous Coup d’etat • 1653 • Oliver Cromwell dissolved Parliament • Became Lord Protector

Famous Coup d’etat • 1688 • England • Glorious Revolution • James II overthrown • Replaced by William & Mary

Famous Coup d’etat • • 1799 France Napoleon 18 de Brumaire Coup • 1804 • Crowned himself Emperor

Famous Coup d’etat • • 1851 France Louis Napoleon Dissolved parliament • Declared himself Emperor

Mexico , Venezuela, & Brazil • • • 1829 1832 1839 1854 1864 1913 1920 1935 1940, failed • • 1899 1908 1945 1948 1958 1992, failed 2002, failed • • • 1823 1840 1889 1891 1930 1937 1938, failed 1955, 1959, failed 1964

Famous Coup d’etat • 1917 • Russia • Bolsheviks seized power during Russian Revolution • Lenin became dictator • Stalin replaced him in 1924

Famous Coup d’etat • 1922 • Italy • Mussolini & his Blackshirts marched on Rome • Became IL Duce

Famous Coup d’etat • 1923 • Germany • Hitler is jailed in failed Beer Hall Putch • 1933 he became The Fuhrer

Famous Coup d’etat • 1943 • Argentina • Juan Peron seized power • With the help of his wife Eva • Evita

Famous Coup d’etat • 1969 • Libya • Omar Qadhafi overthrew monarchy

Famous Coup d’etat • 1979 • Iraq • Saddam Hussein

Reform • The gradual process of change within the established legal institution, that is aimed at preserving but improving the existing government. – Most reform groups are non-violent, but can turn violent especially when reformers are attacked by their opponents or the government. – Reform movements take several years to make an impact. – Once change is made it is usually permanent.

Famous Reform Movement • • • 1838 -1848 England Chartist Movement Demanded universal male suffrage Secret Ballot Parliamentary Reforms

Famous Reform Movement • Abolition of Slavery • England, 18111830 • United States, 820 -1865 • Brazil, 1858 -1878

Famous Reform Movement • Suffragettes • Voting Rights for Women • 1848 -1925 • England & United States

Famous Reform Movement • • 1950’s-1970’s Civil Rights Movement Equal rights for African Americans. Also Hispanic, Asian, Native American, Women, etc. • Nonviolent Civil Disobedience