Year Five English Friday 5 th February Commas

Year Five English . Friday 5 th February

Commas are used to separate items in a list or to separate parts of a sentence. A comma should be used when a subordinate clause comes before a main clause. ,

Main clauses A main clause is a group of words containing a subject and a verb that makes sense by itself. E. g. We all went home. subject verb E. g. Our team won the game. subject verb

Subordinate clauses A subordinate clause is a group of words containing a verb that depends on the main clause to make sense. They often start with a subordinating conjunction. E. g. because it was dark A relative clause is a type of subordinate clause that adds information about a noun/noun phrase. They often start with a relative pronoun. E. g. which was purple subordinating conjunction relative pronoun verb

Commas to separate clauses Commas are used to separate clauses when a subordinate clause is before a main clause. When we went outside, we saw lots of birds. subordinate clause main clause We saw lots of birds, when we went outside. main clause subordinate clause

Commas to separate clauses Commas are also often used to punctuate relative clauses. These may be positioned after or in the middle of a main clause. We sat under a tree which was covered in leaves. main clause relative clause Elizabeth, who is only six, won the art competition. relative clause main clause (split)

Use of commas Some sentences may use commas for different reasons. comma to separate items in a list The mouse, which had a long, grey tail, ran away. commas around a relative clause

Practise Which sentences below use commas correctly? After organising our equipment, we started the experiment. We had to try again, because it didn’t work the first time. Azim jotted down some notes, as we watched what happened. Our graph, which was tricky to draw, helped show our results.

How did you do? Which sentences below use commas correctly? After organising our equipment, we started the experiment. We had to try again, because it didn’t work the first time. Azim jotted down some notes, as we watched what happened. Our graph, which was tricky to draw, helped show our results.

Practise Insert the missing comma or commas into each of the sentences below. Even though I was exhausted I was determined to finish the race. Before tidying up we took a few minutes to admire our work. The children who had all enjoyed the show clapped loudly.

How did you do? Insert the missing comma or commas into each of the sentences below. Even though I was exhausted, I was determined to finish the race. Before tidying up, we took a few minutes to admire our work. The children, who had all enjoyed the show, clapped loudly.

Reflection Remember to use these tips to help you use commas to separate clauses correctly. • Commas are used to separate clauses when a subordinate clause is before a main clause. • Commas are also often used to punctuate relative clauses (a type of subordinate clause). These may be positioned after or in the middle of a main clause.

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