Yalta Conference CRIMEA CONFERENCE UKRAINE February 1945 AGREEMENT

Yalta Conference CRIMEA CONFERENCE, UKRAINE February 1945

AGREEMENT AT YALTA • DIVIDE GERMANY INTO FOUR (4) ZONES TO BE OCCUPIED AFTER THE WAR BY: –BRITAIN –FRANCE –USA –USSR

WHAT ELSE DID WE AGREE TO? • ELECTIONS WILL BE HELD IN THE COUNTRIES OF EASTERN EUROPE • GOVERNMENT OF POLAND WILL BE BOTH COMMUNIST & NONCOMMUNIST • SET UP THE UNITED NATIONS!!!!!

WHAT REALLY HAPPENED? • STALIN NEVER HELD FREE ELECTIONS IN POLAND • FDR DIED ONLY TWO (2) MONTHS LATER • TRUMAN (NEXT PRESIDENT) WOULD ATTEND THE NEXT POST-WAR CONFERENCE • HITLER DIES APRIL 30 • GERMANY SURRENDERS MAY 2, 1945

“The SOVIET UNION HAS BEOME A DANGER TO THE FREE WORLD. ” Churchill wrote this to Roosevelt after the Yalta Conference. The leaders of the three countries would meet one more time: Potsdam

Potsdam Conference: JULY 1945 • Truman replaces FDR • Churchill gets voted out of Office • Stalin remains – Intent of seeking reparations and as much as they can get from Germany. • Agreements: -Four zones of occupation in Germany -Bring Nazi War Criminals to trial.

DISAGREEMENTS • ALLIES DID NOT AGREE TO –HOW TO DIVIDE GERMANY –THE AMOUNT OF REPARATIONS GERMANY SHOULD PAY –SOVIET POLICY IN EASTERN EUROPE

COLD WAR BEGINS • During 1946 -47, Stalin made sure that Communist governments came to power in all the countries of Eastern Europe. • CALLED: SALAMI TACTICS • The Communist description of this process was “slicing salami, ” gradually getting rid of all opposition.

WHAT DID RUSSIA TAKE? • A. Albania (1945)- the Communists took power after the war without opposition • B. Bulgaria (1945)- a left-wing coalition gained power in 1945; the Communists then executed the leaders of all other parties. • C. Poland (1947)- a coalition government took power in 1945, but the Communists forced the non-Communist leaders into exile. • D. Hungary (1947) • E. Romania (1945 -1947)- a left-wing government coalition was elected in 1945 and the Communists gradually took control. • F. Czechoslovakia (1945 -1947)- a left-wing government coalition was elected in 1945. In 1948 the Communists banned all other parties and killed their leaders. • G. East Germany (1949)- the Russians turned their zone of Germany into the German Democratic Republic in 1949.

HOW DID THE REST OF THE ALLIES REACT? • 5 MARCH 1946, Winston Churchill – ‘a shadow had fallen on Easter Europe, which was now cut off from the free world by ‘an iron curtain. ’ Behind that line, he said, the people of Easter Europe were ‘subject to Soviet influence…totalitarian control [and] police governments. ’

EUROPE: END OF WWII 1945

SOVIET DOMINATION OF EASTER EUROPE: 1946

WHAT DO YOU THINK THIS MEANS?

ASSIGNMENT: PARAGRAPH • QUESTION: – Was the Yalta Conference a success or a failure in promoting future world peace? – INSTRUCTIONS: • Take a Stand • Support your view with specific examples from your notes or text. • Use a core democratic value in support. • Give an opposing point of view • Conclude.