Xray PumpProbe Instrument David Fritz XPP Instrument Scientist

X-ray Pump-Probe Instrument David Fritz XPP Instrument Scientist April 21, 2009 X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 1 1 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

Outline • • • XPP Science XPP Goals and Physics Requirements XPP Instrument Overview • • • Operating Modes Work Breakdown Structure Early Science Instrument Scope Costs Schedule Final Instrument Design Review – X-ray Optics and Diagnostics – Diffractometer System – Detector – Laser System – Hutch Facilities X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 2 2 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

Time Resolved Scattering C. Siders X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 3 3 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

X-ray Pump-Probe Science • Phase Transitions - Order / Disorder - Metal/Insulator • Charge Transfer Reactions - Photosynthesis - Photovoltaics - Vision • Vibrational Dynamics • Energy Dissipation and Flow photoexcitation Stampfli and Bennemann Phys. Rev. B 49, 7299 (1994) photoexcitation X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 4 4 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

XPP Instrument GoalsRequirements • • Goals – – Facilitate time-resolved X-ray scattering/spectroscopy using LCLS coherent hard x-rays (4 -25 ke. V) 80 fs rms temporal resolution Global Requirements (SP-391 -000 -33) – Capable of running in a shared beam mode using a future beam splitting monochromator – – • Instrument must be accessible while beam is delivered to FEH Tailor and characterize X-ray and optical beam parameters • • • Spatial profile Intensity Repetition rate Spectral bandwidth Wavelength (optical laser) Temporal profile (optical laser) <1 x 10 -7 Torr beamline vacuum X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 5 5 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

XPP Instrument Overview Near Experimental Hall X-ray Transport Tunnel XPP Endstation Far Experimental Hall X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 6 6 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

XPP Instrument Overview XPP Control Room XPP Endstation X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 7 7 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

XPP Instrument Overview Photon Shutter Requirement Intensity Monitor Device Slits Tailor X-ray spatial profile ( > 50 microns) X-ray Slits Profile Monitor Tailor X-ray spatial profile ( < 50 microns ) X-ray Focusing Lenses Intensity Monitor Tailor X-ray intensity and spectrum Attenuators Slits Tailor X-ray repetition rate Pulse Picker Tailor X-ray spectrum Harmonic Rejection Mirrors Pulse Picker Characterize X-ray pulse intensity Intensity Monitor Mirrors Characterize X-ray spatial profile Profile Monitor Slits Sample orientation Sample goniometer Intensity Monitor Position X-ray area detector Detector Mover Measure X-ray scattering pattern Detector Photoexcitation of samples Laser System Characterize spatial profile, temporal profile, spectrum, intensity at a virtual sample Laser Diagnostics Focusing Lenses Attenuators Profile Monitor Sample Goniometer Detector Mover Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor Photon Shutter X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 8 8 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

XPP Instrument Overview Detector Mover Ultrafast Laser Detector Diagnostics X-ray Optics & Diagnostics X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 9 9 Sample Goniometer David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

XPP Instrument Overview 600 mm 2 x 2 mm 30 mm 1400 mm ( Floor ) X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 10 10 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

X-ray Optics and Diagnostics Photon Shutter Intensity Monitor Slits Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor Slits Focusing Lenses Attenuators Requirement Pulse Picker Mirrors Slits Intensity Monitor Profile Monitor Sample Goniometer Detector Mover Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor Photon Shutter Device Tailor X-ray spatial profile ( > 50 microns) X-ray Slits Tailor X-ray spatial profile ( < 50 microns ) X-ray Focusing Lenses Tailor X-ray intensity and spectrum Attenuators Tailor X-ray repetition rate Pulse Picker Tailor X-ray spectrum Harmonic Rejection Mirrors Characterize X-ray pulse intensity Intensity Monitor Characterize X-ray spatial profile Profile Monitor Sample orientation Sample goniometer Position X-ray area detector Detector Mover Measure X-ray scattering pattern Detector X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 11 11 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

X-ray Optics and Diagnostics Photon Shutter Intensity Monitor Slits Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor Slits Focusing Lenses Attenuators Pulse Picker Mirrors X-ray Focusing Lens System Slits Intensity Monitor Profile Monitor Sample Goniometer Detector Mover Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor B. Lengeler et al. , J. Synchrotron Rad. , 6, 1153 -1167 (1999). Down to 2 μm beam waist Variable spot size from 2 -10 μm and 40 -60 μm when working out of focus Can withstand full LCLS flux Variable lens to sample distance Photon Shutter X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 12 12 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

X-ray Optics and Diagnostics Photon Shutter Intensity Monitor Slits Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor Slits Focusing Lenses Attenuators Pulse Picker Mirrors Slits Intensity Monitor Profile Monitor LUSI AttenuatorPulse Picker System Sample Goniometer Detector Mover Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor Excellent Optical Quality > 3 steps per decade of attenuation above 6 ke. V > 1012 attenuation < 17 ke. V Isolate 3 rd harmonic from fundamental Tailor rep rate up to 10 Hz Photon Shutter X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 13 13 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

X-ray Optics and Diagnostics Photon Shutter Intensity Monitor Slits Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor Slits Focusing Lenses Attenuators Pulse Picker Mirrors Slits Intensity Monitor Profile Monitor Sample Goniometer Detector Mover Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor Harmonic Rejection Mirror System A Good optical quality Si single crystal 300 mm No prefigure, no bender B C Photon Shutter X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 14 14 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

XPP Sample Goniometer Photon Shutter Intensity Monitor Slits Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor Slits Focusing Lenses Attenuators Pulse Picker Mirrors Slits • Tilt Platform – Capable of orienting large sample environments ( 50 kg) – Open access to allow close proximity laser optics – Operate in direct or future monochromatic beam – 200 mm platform to center of rotation distance Intensity Monitor Profile Monitor Sample Goniometer Detector Mover Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor Photon Shutter X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 15 15 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

XPP Sample Goniometer Photon Shutter • Kappa Goniometer – Capable of orienting small samples (~ 50 μm) over a wide range of reciprocal space Intensity Monitor Slits Profile Monitor • Sphere of confusion < 30μm Intensity Monitor Slits – Open access to allow close proximity laser optics – Operate in direct or future monochromatic beam Focusing Lenses Attenuators Pulse Picker Mirrors Slits Intensity Monitor Profile Monitor Sample Goniometer Detector Mover Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor Photon Shutter X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 16 16 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

XPP Detector Mover Photon Shutter Intensity Monitor Slits Profile Monitor Intensity Monitor Slits Focusing Lenses Attenuators Pulse Picker Mirrors Slits Intensity Monitor Profile Monitor Sample Goniometer Detector Mover Profile Monitor • Detector Mover – 10 cm – 100 cm sample to detector distance – Repeatable position the XPP detector pixels to a fraction of the pixel size – Definitively know the position of all detector pixels to a fraction of the pixel size – Operate in both interaction points without interferences – Remotely variable sample to detector distance – Permit the sample goniometer to meet the motion requirements • Decoupled from sample goniometer Intensity Monitor Photon Shutter X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 17 17 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

XPP Detector • XPP Detector System – Developed at BNL – High detector quantum efficiency • Single photon sensitivity – Large dynamic range >103 • 104 photon dynamic range per pixel – 120 Hz readout rate – 1024 x 1024 square pixels • Four 512 x 512 quadrants – 90 µm pixel size X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 18 18 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

Laser System • XPP Laser System – Will utilize and expand upon AMO laser system – AMO Laser Requirements • • > 3 m. J per pulse energy at sample (800 nm) < 50 fs pulse duration 120 Hz < 100 fs phase jitter to LCLS RF – Multipass amplifier • >20 m. J per pulse energy (800 nm) • < 50 fs pulse duration • 120 Hz – Frequency conversion capability • OPA • Harmonic generation – Temporal pulse shaping capability – Diagnostics suite – System designed such that a non-laser trained user can perform an XPP experiment • Sufficient automation to control laser parameters • Sufficient engineering controls to provide safe working environment X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 19 19 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

Laser System Csp Laser PM 1 Spectrometer PM 2 Oscope PMOsc /2 -1 F 2 Oscillator Controls F 1 Laser Hall Hutch 2 PM 4 PM 3 C 5 VEC /2 -3 C 2 /2 -2 L 4 C 4 M 1 L 1 C 1 Harmonics To Experiment M 2 M 3 To Experiment L 3 L 5 /2 -4 AC C 3 2 VEC PM 5 X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 20 20 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

Laser System X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 21 21 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

Hutch Facilities • XPP Hutch facilities – Raised flooring – Storage cabinets, work benches and tool chests – Utilities distribution X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 22 22 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

Operating Modes • • Photon operating modes described in LCLS Document 1. 6. 009 XPP has two modes: – “In” Mode • • SH 1 must be closed for entry but can be open upon successful hutch search SH 2 always closed – “Out” Mode • • XPP equipment moved out of beam and replaced by drift tube No entry requirements X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 23 23 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

Work Breakdown Structure WBS Scope/Cost Includes: 1. 2. 1 XPP System Integration & Design 1. 2. 2 XPP X-ray optics and diagnostics support tables 1. 2. 3 XPP Ultrafast laser system 1. 2. 4 XPP 2 D Detector from BNL by MOU 1. 2. 5 XPP Sample goniometer 1. 2. 5 XPP Detector mover 1. 2. 6 XPP Hutch Facilities 1. 2. 7 XPP Vacuum system 1. 2. 8 XPP Installation Other Related WBS 1. 5 Diagnostics & Common Optics 1. 6 Controls and Data Acquisition X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 24 24 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

Scope Early Science Scope (available Mid-2010) CD 4 (available in 2012 or before) Sample Goniometer (Kappa & Tilt Platform) X-ray Focusing Lenses Detector Mover Harmonic Rejection Mirrors X-ray Detector System Laser Power Amplifier Laser System Optics and Diagnostics Optical Parametric Amplifier X-ray Slits X-ray Attenuator/Pulse Picker X-ray Diagnostics X-ray Optics and Diagnostics Supports Vacuum System Controls & Data Systems Hutch Facilities X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 25 25 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

XPP Early Science Schedule FY 08 FY 09 FY 10 FY 11 Preliminary Design Reviews X-ray Optics Support Tables – August 2008 Detector Mover Support – May 2009 XPP Advanced Procurement Review – November 2008 Final Instrument Design Review – February 2009 Final Design Reviews Optical Table LayoutContainment – November 2008 X-ray Optics Support Tables – January 2009 Detector Mover Support – June 2009 Project Ready for CD-3 A - June 2009 Award PO Sample Goniometer – March 2009 Hutch Facilities – June 2009 Detector Mover – June 2009 X-ray Optics Support Tables – June 2009 Laser Containment System – October 2009 Optical Tables – November 2009 Laser Optics and Optomechanics - January 2010 Receive Hutch Facilities – August 2009 X-ray Optics Support Tables – September 2009 Laser Containment System – January 2010 Detector Mover – January 2010 Sample Goniometer – March 2010 Optical Tables – March 2010 Laser Optics and Optomechanics - June 2010 Ready for Early Science – July 2010 • Dates are Early Finish or Complete date X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 26 26 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

XPP Level 3 Cost Breakdown • • Costs baselined last Fall Detector costs and schedule updated last month – ~$80 k distributed to project contingency X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 27 27 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

Final Instrument Design Review • Design review held on February 24 -25, 2009 • PIDR Committee Members – – – Patric Den Hartog (ANL) Paul Fuoss (ANL) Erik Johnson (BNL) Mohan Ramanathan (ANL) Deming Shu (ANL) • Quotes from Report – “The committee believes that the technical scope described is concordant with the projected budget and the needs of the science community that will utilize the XPP instrument for early science at the LCLS. The project is being managed to assure that ES&H aspects are adequately addressed and that the agreed upon schedule and cost are respected. ” – “Detailed findings, comments and recommendations are found within the report, but in summary the review committee believes that the XPP instrument is ready to proceed with fabrication to support the early science program at LCLS. ” X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 28 28 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

Topic XPP Components Final Instrument Design Review (2) FIDR Recommendation Post Review Resolutions Update 1. Expedite the acquisition of a robot for the detector mover The XPP team is releasing the RFP to purchase the robot immediately None 2. Proceed with additional testing in order to clarify operational and metrology requirements The robot will be installed and integrated into hutch 3 as soon as possible to begin testing None Laser System 1. LUSI should aggressively pursue the purchase of the additional optical components required to reach full laser performance as soon as funds become available. These component include the high power amplifier, the temporal pulse shaper and the optical parametric amplifier. We are seeking approval to include these components in the early science instrument if funds become available. Funds are available but procurement authorization was not received from DOE. Diagnostics and Common Optics 1. Accelerate the design work to complete the Final Design Reviews to reduce schedule risk. The DCO team is actively working and looking for ways to accelerate the design of the components. None 2. Advance first article procurements to expedite early component testing prior to production The 2 nd planned advance procurement package (Controlled as a DOE Level 2 decision) will be revised to include the DCO parts required for the 1 st article. DCO has started the procurement process for the diagnostics, attenuator and pulse picker. None X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 29 29 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

Final Instrument Design Review (3) Topic FIDR Recommendation BNL Detector 1. Test a small sensor as soon as possible on LCLS to reduce risk by - Measuring performance w/ fs X-ray pulses - Determining radiation damage thresholds - Testing the integration of sensor data with FEL metadata This test program will be pursued None Controls 1. Proceed with implementation of the control and data systems for XPP No comment required None 2. Start regular coordination meetings between XPP and controls teams immediately to assure a safe and robust detector mover system The 1 st coordination meeting was scheduled for March 5 th and will occur every Thursday. A robotics integrator will visit SLAC that day to being discussions for a robot software statement of work. Meetings were held. A software SOW was created and is being reviewed. 1. The committee recommends that the project identify an Installation Manager as early as practical This position will be filled as soon as possible. A request has already been sent to the LCLS Engineering Physics division. Ben Poling has been named the XPP installation manager 2. A detailed installation plan that reflects the likely labor requirements should also be developed. It should include realistic distribution of labor types as well as a perspective on the availability of personnel where contract labor is not utilized. This task will be started under the direction of the installation manager. A detailed plan will be developed that will coordinate/incorporate the detailed labor and equipment requirements of all work to be completed in the NEH-XRT-FEH. None Installation X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project Post Review Resolutions 30 30 Update David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

Topic Final Instrument Design Review (4) FIDR Recommendation Post Review Resolutions Update ES & H 1. None other than continue with the improvement process in evidence No comment required None Risks and Contingency 1. Continue with diligent update and management of the risk registry No comment required None 2. Advance procurements (if funds are available) that will retire schedule and technical risks This will be actively pursued None 1. Allocate enhanced resources to DCO to ‘catch-up’ on schedule The project is actively pursuing an additional engineer None 2. Proceed with final design and procurement No comment required None Management X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 31 31 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

Summary • Instrument accommodates a wide variety of cutting edge research capabilities and fulfills the CD-0 mission • The XPP instrument is versatile: – X-ray optics can tailor FEL parameters for users – Ultrafast laser system is highly configurable – Various sample environments can be accommodated by sample goniometer system • User operation start planned for Fall 2010 • First call for proposals Fall 2009 • XPP Website: http: //lcls. slac. stanford. edu/xpp/ X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 32 32 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu

FIDR Agenda X-ray Pump Probe DOE Status Review of the LUSI MIE Project 33 33 David FRITZ dmfritz@slac. stanford. edu