www tmdl bse vt edu ACN Water Conservation
www. tmdl. bse. vt. edu ACN Water Conservation Assessment Water Balance Estimation Using Soil Moisture Data SM-CRSP Workshop 2007
Agriculture/Environmental Constraints Short Rainy Season/ Agricultural Frequent Droughts Excess Runoff: Less Infiltration SM-CRSP Workshop 2007 Drinking Water Scarcity
Amenagement en Courbes de Niveau (ACN) Water management practice Parallel-Permanent ridges (Ados) Crops planted temporary plowed ridges Implement on multiple fields Holistic integration of fields to create micro-catchment management plan q Socio-economic factors (capital and skill) q q q SM-CRSP Workshop 2007 Ado Plowed Ridges
ACN Conservation Effects q q q Increase Surface Detention Storage Decrease Surface Runoff Increase Infiltration Increase Plant Available Water Increase Deep Percolation SM-CRSP Workshop 2007 Ado Plowed Ridges
Quantify ACN Effects (Ideal) • Runoff Plots/Fields – Runoff Flumes – Auto-Samplers • Multiple Precip Gages • . . . . Not Feasible!!! SM-CRSP Workshop 2007
Research Constraints q q q Measurement Equipment Building Materials Transportation Technical Experience Financial Resources SM-CRSP Workshop 2007
Quantify ACN Effects (Realistic) • • • Farmers Fields Precip Gage Nearby Soil Moisture Measurements (w/Probe) Water Balance Calculation. . Less Accurate → Feasible!!! SM-CRSP Workshop 2007
Objectives • Proof of Concept: Water Balance Calculations - Alternative to Runoff Plots • Quantify ACN Water Conservation Effects • Provide IER Scientists/Technicians: – Soil Moisture Probe Operation – Data Collection/Management – Water Balance Calculation Methods SM-CRSP Workshop 2007
Experiment Location Siguidolo SM-CRSP Workshop 2007
Methods • • Experiment Location/Layout Soil Moisture Measurement Data QA/QC (Visualizations) Water Balance Calculations SM-CRSP Workshop 2007
Soil Moisture Probe Diviner 2000®, Sentek SM-CRSP Workshop 2007
Soil Moisture Probe SM-CRSP Workshop 2007
Water Balance Calculations Conceptual Model SM-CRSP Workshop 2007
Water Balance Calculations Equations S = R – ET – Esoil – DP – RO where, S - change in soil water storage R – rainfall ET - crop evapotranspiration Esoil - evaporation from the soil DP – Deep Percolation RO - surface runoff SM-CRSP Workshop 2007 } } Measured Estimated
Water Balance Calculations Equations • • PET – Thornwaite Method ET – PET x Crop Coeff ETSoil- Constant Fraction of PET Deep Percolation` – Pedeo-transfer Functions – Darcy’s Equation • Runoff - RO = R – ET – Esoil – DP – S SM-CRSP Workshop 2007
Data QA/QC • • • Large Amount of Data Hard Copies Tables Graphs Animations Groundwater Monitoring SM-CRSP Workshop 2007
Results • Data QA/QC (Animations) • Runoff • Deep Percolation SM-CRSP Workshop 2007
QA/QC (Animations) SM-CRSP Workshop 2007
Runoff Average Runoff from Control (a) and ACN (b) Plots SM-CRSP Workshop 2007 Average Cumulative Runoff
Deep Percolation Average Deep Percolation from Control (a) and ACN (b) Plots SM-CRSP Workshop 2007 Average Cumulative Deep Percolation
Total by Process Rep 1 Rep 2 Average ACN Control Runoff (mm) 2, 450 2, 890 2, 413 3, 077 2, 432 2, 984 Deep Percolation (mm) 4, 153 1, 397 3, 311 563 3, 732 980 SM-CRSP Workshop 2007
Total Runoff -22% -18% -15% SM-CRSP Workshop 2007
Total Deep Percolation 488% 280% 197% SM-CRSP Workshop 2007
Groundwater Monitoring • Wells Installed • First Year Data Collection • Preliminary Data Analysis SM-CRSP Workshop 2007
Summary • Proof of Concept: Soil Moisture Probe/Water Balance Calculations Alternative - Runoff Plot • ACN Performance: – 18% Runoff Reduction – 280 Deep Percolation Increase • Data Collection and Management Successful • IER Scientist/Technicians Experience SM-CRSP Workshop 2007
Future Research? • • • Ground Water Monitoring Validation of Water Balance Calculations Continue Soil Moisture Measurement Expand Number of Fields Model Calibration/Validation (Parch-Thirst) • Develop Water Balance Software SM-CRSP Workshop 2007
Merci Questions? www. tmdl. bse. vt. edu SM-CRSP Workshop 2007
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