www internet 2 edu Internet 2 International Collaborations

www. internet 2. edu

Internet 2: International Collaborations Ana Preston apreston@internet 2. edu New Media Seminar University of Notre Dame 9/30/2020

Outline for today’s talk Internet 2 International Partnerships International Collaboration Highlights Observations

Internet 2: Mission and Goals Develop and deploy advanced network applications and technologies for research and higher education, accelerating the creation of tomorrow’s internet. • Enable new generation of applications • Create leading edge R&E network capability: Supporting advanced service efforts (multicast, IPv 6, Qo. S, Measurement, Security) • Transfer technology and experience to the global production Internet

Internet 2 Focus Areas Advanced Applications Middleware Network Engineering • End to End Performance Advanced Network Infrastructure Partnerships • Government • Corporate • International

Partnerships: Internet 2 International Strategic importance to Internet 2 Ensure global interoperability • of the next generation of Internet technologies and applications Enable global collaboration • in research and education providing/promoting the development of an advanced networking environment internationally Build effective partnerships in other countries With organizations of similar goals/objectives and similar constituencies Mechanism: Memoranda of Understanding

Mo. U in brief Provide/promote interconnectivity between communities Collaborate on technology development and deployment Facilitate collaboration between members on applications Encourage technology transfer

International Mo. U Partners Europe-Middle East ARNES (Slovenia) BELNET (Belgium) CARNET (Croatia) CESnet (Czech Republic) DANTE (Europe) DFN-Verein (Germany) GIP RENATER (France) GRNET (Greece) HEAnet (Ireland) HUNGARNET (Hungary) INFN-GARR (Italy) Israel-IUCC (Israel) NORDUnet (Nordic Countries) POL-34 (Poland) RCST (Portugal) Red. IRIS (Spain) RESTENA (Luxembourg) SANET (Slovakia) Stichting SURF (Netherlands) SWITCH (Switzerland) TERENA (Europe) JISC, UKERNA (United Kingdom) Asia-Pacific AAIREP (Australia) APAN (Asia-Pacific) APAN-KR (Korea) APRU (Asia-Pacific) CERNET, CSTNET, NSFCNET (China) JAIRC (Japan) JUCC (Hong Kong) NECTEC / UNINET (Thailand) Sing. AREN (Singapore) TAnet 2 (Taiwan) Americas CANARIE (Canada) CEDIA (Ecuador) CNTI (Venezuela) CRNET (Costa Rica) CUDI (Mexico) REUNA (Chile) RETINA (Argentina) RNP 2/ANSP (Brazil) SENACYT (Panama)

Mo. U Partners: Discussions In Progress Newest Internet 2 Mo. U Partners: Ecuador (CEDIA), CNTI (Venezuela), Slovakia (SANET) America: • Uruguay, Colombia • Peru, Nicaragua, Guatemala, Cuba • Europe: • Russia Africa: • South Africa Asia: • Malaysia, India

Infrastructure: International Internet 2 backbone networks have no non-US infrastructure Primarily, our partners’ networks pay to get to the US Peering at major international exchange points in U. S. encouraged NSF provides some funding for 3 international links and one interconnection point • Trans. PAC, Euro. Link, MIRnet/NAUKAnet, STAR TAP

09 January 2002 Abilene International Peering (October 2002) Pacific Wave AARNET, APAN/Trans. PAC† CA*net 4, TANET 2 STAR TAP/Star Light APAN/Trans. PAC†, CA*net 4, CERN, NAUKAnet, GEMnet, HARNET, HEANET, KOREN/KREONET 2, NORDUnet, SURFnet, Sing. AREN, TAnet 2 NYCM SNVA CA*net 3, GEANT*, Washington HEANET, NORDUnet GEMNET, Sacramento SINET, Sing. AREN, WIDE LOSA Los Angeles UNINET OC 3 ->OC 12 San Diego (CALREN 2) CUDI El Paso (UACJ-UT El Paso) CUDI AMPATH ANSP, REUNA, RNP 2, RETINA • ARNES, CARNET, CESnet, DFN, GRNET, JANET, NORDUNET, RENATER, RESTENA, SWITCH, HUNGARNET, GARR-B, POL-34, RCCN, Red. IRIS • † WIDE/JGN, IMnet, CERNet, CSTnet,

International interconnection points highlights Key international exchange points facilitated by Internet 2 membership and the U. S. scientific community STAR TAP/Star. Light (Chicago) • NSF-funded project • ATM-based STAR TAP • Star. Light: Gb. E switch-based Pacific Wave (Seattle) • Gigabit Ethernet-based • Seattle • Pacific Northwest Gigapop Am. PATH (Miami) • Includes Global Crossing links to South America MAN Lan (New York) • Internet 2 project • Site at NYSERNET colo space? • Gb. E-switch based CALREN 2 & UTEP • CUDI connections – Tijuana – San Diego – Ciudad Juarez – El Paso Other places • Los Angeles • Sunnyvale

Networks reachable via Abilene – by country Europe-Middle East Austria Belgium Bulgaria Croatia Czech Republic Cyprus Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Israel Asia-Pacific Americas Italy Australia Argentina Latvia China Brazil Lithuania Hong Kong Canada Luxembourg Japan Chile Netherlands Korea Mexico Norway Singapore United States Poland Taiwan Portugal Thailand Romania Slovakia Slovenia More information about reachable networks at Spain www. internet 2. edu/abilene/peernetworks. html Sweden Also, see www. startap. net Switzerland United Kingdom *CERN

Next Generation Abilene” international update IEEAF (Internet Educational Equal Access Foundation) transatlantic donations – www. ieeaf. org • 10 -Gbps (unprotected) and OC-12 c SONET links – ’s from Los Angeles to Amsterdam! • Now links Abilene in NYC and SURFnet in Amsterdam • Joint effort in time for i. Grid 2002, Amsterdam (9/2002) • Working collaboratively to extend reach in Europe –GEANT and GTRN

Global Terabit Research Network (GTRN) http: //www. gtrn. net/ Cooperatively, cohesively managed intercontinental infrastructure • Focus on end to end performance on global basis for global science Initial partners: • Europe NREN Consortium/DANTE • Internet 2 Need global engagement by continent • CANARIE (Canada) engaged • Asian partnership on the works • Any initiative at continental scale

GTRN: Current Infrastructure • DANTE-provided router in NYC in GTRN AS • DANTE-provided 2. 5 gbps links across Atlantic to GEANT • Abilene providing tunnel between New York, (Chicago), Seattle • NSF-funded Star. Light will provide • Pacific Wave hosting GNAP in Seattle GNAP • Global NOC at Indiana University

Europe: Connectivity to USA October 2002 Country Network BW(mbps) Interconnect CERN (thru GEANT) Star Light/710 NLSD France RENATER 45 STAR TAP/AADS Ireland HEANET 465 NYC/STAR TAP Netherlands SURFnet 1244+ Star Light Nordic Countries NORDUnet 622 NYC/Star Light Russia Naukanet (nee MIRnet) (NSF funded) 155 STAR TAP Europe GEANT 7500 NYC

Europe highlights TERENA (Trans European Research and Education Network Association) • Membership association of National Research Networks (NRNs) • No network, but technology and applications working groups TERENA organization undertaking middleware deployment issues GEANT • Pan-European network (connects together National Research Networks) ~31 countries • Operated by DANTE

Europe highlights Several key global science facilities in Europe: - CERN - radio astronomy facilities • e-LVBI: “very long baseline interferometry” High speed astronomy data transmission • Starting October, set of experiments online - number of ‘grid’ projects European-wide IPv 6 focus • 6 Net testbed

GEANT http: //www. dante. org. uk 31 countries connecting Operated by DANTE 10 gbps core backbone • Connectors at 2. 5 gbps and below 3 x 2. 5 gbps across Atlantic Outreach to SE Europe (Balkans), Med. (+N. Africa), S. America (@LIS -CAESAR), Asia (TEIN)

Asia: Connectivity to USA (October 2002) Country Network BW(mbps) Interconnect APAN/US* Trans. PAC 622 Tokyo to P. Wave (NSF funded) 622 Tokyo to Star Light Australia AARNET 310 Pacific Wave Korea KOREN/KREONET 2 45 STAR TAP Hong Kong HARNET 45 STAR TAP Japan SINET 155 Abilene, Sunnyvale Japan WIDE (ipv 6 only) 155 Abilene, Sunnyvale Japan GEMNET 33 Sunnyvale Singapore Sing. AREN 155 STAR TAP, Sunnyvale Taiwan TANET 2 155 Pacific Wave Thailand UNINET 45 Abilene, LA *WIDE-JGN, IMNet, CERNET/CSTNET, Thai. SARN, Sing. AREN, TANET, KOREN/KREONET 2

Asia-Pacific highlights APAN: Asia-Pacific Advanced Network Partner in Trans. PAC link Several national networks moving to 10 Gbps APAN network made up of country-owned p 2 p links contributed to APAN Trans Eurasia and Trans Pacific connectivity increasing

Trans. PAC http: //www. transpac. org Connections APAN to US • OC-12 POS Seattle (Pacific Wave) to Tokyo • OC-12 ATM Chicago (Star. Light) to Tokyo • Together 1. 244 Gbps Tokyo to the US

Asia-Pacific what’s coming up? CJK Hub • Genkai project – Gb. E between Japan and Korea • Korea – China link? TEIN • Korea to France link • 45 mbps • RENATER managing, European Commission interested in taking on broad European context

Genkai/Hyunhae Seoul Korea Busan 250㎞ Gb. E • KJCN (Korea-Japan Cable Network) Fukuoka Prefecture in Kyushu, Japan –Starting in 2002. 3 – 12 fiber pairs with no relays –Starting from 50 Gbps 2. 88 Terabit (current traffic volume between KR and JP : about 500 Mbps) By Koji Okamura

America: Connectivity to USA (October 2002) Country Network BW(mbps) Interconnect Canada CA*net 3/4 465+ S. T. , Pacific Wave, NYC Mexico RED-CUDI 255 Tijuana-San Diego (CALREN 2), Juarez/El Paso Chile REUNA 45 Am. PATH Brazil RNP 2 45 Am. PATH ANSP 45 Am. PATH Argentina RETINA 2 45 Am. PATH Gemini/NOAO (funding from NSF) 10 SFGP Puerto Rico (Arecibo Observatory) To Abilene-U. S. 45 SFGP (funding from NSF)

America highlights Canada – CA*Net 4 Mexico – IPv 6 first native international peering CLARA • Cooperacion Latino Americana de Redes Avanzadas • Driven by opportunity to participate in GTRN, European interest • Formal organization • European interest/money – @LIS project, CAESAR study AMPATH: Florida International University • Potential to connect 10 countries at 45 mbps each • Global Crossing • Peering through Miami (collocated with SFGP) • Now has some NSF funding

CU AMPATH MX Centroamérica y Caribe GEANT

America: CLARA highlights Arcos Activo Plan Puebla-Panamá en planificación

Africa highlights No dedicated R&E network connectivity from African continent European Commission funding connections from northern Africa to GEANT

EUMEDCONNECT Algeria, Cyprus, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Malta, Morocco, the Palestinian authority, Syria, Tunisia, and Turkey • Egypt: Egyptian Universities Network (EUN) http: //www. frcu. eun. eg/ • Morocco: Maroc Wide Area Network (MARWAN) http: //www. marwan. ac. ma/

Other university networks, research links South Africa: Tertiary Education Network (TENET) http: //www. tenet. ac. za/ National Institutes of Health MIMcom project • Satellite connectivity to malaria research sites in Ghana, Kenya, Tanzania • http: //www. nlm. nih. gov/mimcom/locations. html

Resources www. internet 2. edu/international • Links to most of the networks/organizations listed ARENA (funded in part by NSF) – Links to research and education networks – NOC and technical contact information – Who connects to which network – Which networks are connected together (peer) – Pathfinder tool draws a path and shows bandwidth from one institution to another http: //arena. internet 2. edu Contact Ana Preston <apreston@internet 2. edu> or Heather Boyles <heather@internet 2. edu>

Uses: highlights The new science: e-science: • Science used to about test tubes, wet labs and big instruments • But increasingly science is moving to networks and computers • Science is more global and distributed

Remote Instrumentation and Data Analysis Large scientific projects increasingly draw on resources from many countries. Scientists can use high-performance networks for remote instrument control and to pool computing resources for data analysis, improving ease of use and lowering costs. The Gemini Observatory – Twin Telescopes An international collaboration (US, Australia, U. K. , Canada, Chile, Argentina, Brazil) Mauna Kea, Hawai’i, USA Cerro Pachon, Chile NSF funds US participation

Digital Video – Distance Ed Tele-presence environments • Real-time interactions with very high quality audio and MPEG-2 video • as needed “meetings” connecting faculty and staff across the ocean Plain and Simple: Language/cultural Exchanges • CCIU World Tour/Univ. of Pennsylvania • Learning foreign languages through cultural exchanges and problem based experiential learning

Summary Leading-edge, high-performance network infrastructure is being put in place to support science, research, teaching and learning in countries around the world As a global community, we need to work even more closely together to ensure support for global applications on an end to end basis

www. internet 2. edu

International Partners The following slides contain more information on some of our Internet 2 International Partners. We start with Asia, follow with Europe and then with the Americas.

Asia / Pacific Rim 9/30/2020

APAN http: //www. apan. net APAN is Asian partner on Trans. PAC link APAN network made up of country-owned p 2 p links contributed to APAN

AARNET http: //www. aarnet. edu. au/ 155 Mbps • Plan to run unprotected and utilize double bandwidth Connects at Pacific Wave Supports academic and research community in Australia Source: George Mc. Laughlin, AARNET

CERNET http: //www. edu. cn/ 10 Mbps to Japan (APAN) Within China: • 16 x 2. 5 G DWDM system (two lambda’s are currently running) • OC 48 POS links to 8 cities • OC 3 POS SDH links to all provincial capitals (except Lhasa) • unicast and multicast Source: Xing Li, CERNET

KOREN/KREONET 2 http: //www. koren 21. net, http: //www. kreonet 2. net Sharing 45 mbps link across Pacific to STAR TAP • KREONET 2 is led by KISTI and funded by Ministry of Sci & Tech • KOREN is funded by Ministry of Info and Comm and operated by Korea Telecom

SINET http: //www. nii. ac. jp/network-e. html Super. SINET national backbone network Sites for higher education Super. SINET for research projects (~14 versus 300 SINET universities) • 10 gbps backbone in Japan • 155 mbps Abilene in Sunnyvale ● ● Jan. 2002 Oct. 2002 ● Oct. 2003 ●● ●● ● ● ●● ●

WIDE IPv 6 Connection http: //www. wide. ad. jp/ First international, native IPv 6 connection • 45 mbps Tokyo to Sunnyvale • Connects to Abilene IPv 6 router in Sunnyvale • DV over IP applications development – Fujitsu at University of Maryland

GEMNET NTT Labs-owned and operated network Radio Frequency Signals from Space Usuda Deep Space Center (ISAS) KSP Kashima Station • Connects NTT Research Labs in Japan Kashima Space Nobeyama Research • Plus several radio Radio 2. 4 Gb/s ATM Network Center (CRL) Observatory telescope installations (NAO) NTT • Plus U. Kyoto and U. Tokyo KSP Musashino Tateyama Miura R&D • 2. 4 Gb/s circuits Station Center (CRL) KSP • 33 mbps connection to US, Koganei Station of which 10 mb PVC to National Communications Astronomical Research Abilene, also to STAR TAP Observatory Laboratory

Sing. AREN http: //www. singaren. net. sg/ Currently 27 mbps across Pacific • Peers with Abilene in Sunnyvale • 45 mbps PVC to STAR TAP/AADS switch

TANET 2 http: //www. tanet 2. net. tw/ Recently upgraded to 90 Mbps connection to Pacific Wave, Seattle • Connects select few, high-end research institutions in Taiwan • Peers with several nets at Pacific Wave

UNINNET http: //www. uni. net. th/index_e. html Funded by Ministry of University Affairs in Thailand • Connects most universities in Thailand • Via 155 mbps links • Currently has 10 mbps PVC to Los Angeles • Peers with Abilene in L. A. • Other major net in Thailand is run by NECTEC (Ministry of Science & Tech funding)

Europe 9/30/2020

JANET http: //www. ja. net 2. 5 gbps backbone in UK Connects MANs – connecting universities • Supporting UK gov’t funded e. Science projects Utilizing GEANT connection to peer with Abilene currently

SURFnet http: //www. surfnet. nl/ 2 x 622 mbps to Star. Light (production) Lambda for research (2. 5 gbps) Star. Light counterpart in Amsterdam Source: Erik-Jan Bos

CERN http: //www. cern. ch Currently behind GEANT Sept 2002: Data. Tag OC 48 (2. 4 gbps) to Star. Light KPNQWEST T 3 (21 Mb) CERN - North America, today STARTAP T 3 ATM CERN Po. P Chicago STM-1 POS TEN-155 ATM STM-1 ATM ESNET CERN CIXP Source: Paolo Moroni, CERN

HEANET http: //www. heanet. ie Serves the Irish universities Using 2 of several OC 3 (155 mbps) links to peer in NYC Upgrading backbone to 155 mbps

NORDUnet http: //www. nordu. net/ Connects together networks of Denmark, Iceland, Finland, Norway and Sweden Reworking 622 mbps to New York (plus 155 to Star. Light) Providing transit to RUNNET (Russia), EENET (Estonia), UARNET (Ukraine) and NASK (Warsaw, Poland)

CA*net http: //www. canarie. ca CANARIE Giga. POP Currently procuring Edmonton CA*net 4 Saskatoon network Prince George St. John’s Calgary. Regina Winnipeg Quebec Wavelength. Charlottetown Thunder Bay Montreal based Europe Victoria Ottawa Vancouver Fredericton CANARIE Halifax Connects Optical switches Seattle Chicago provincial New York CA*net 4 node Toronto networks Possible future CA*net 4 node Windsor 1 st Internet 2 Source: Bill St. Arnaud, CANARIE Mo. U Partner

America 9/30/2020

Mexico http: //www. cudi. edu. mx Connecting 41 universities in México; expected 80 Connecting to U. S. : - via Tijuana – San Diego (with transit from CALREN 2 to Abilene) at 155 mbps -100 mbps between Ciudad Juarez and El Paso -“Convenios internacionales” with CANARIE, Internet 2/UCAID, CENIC, REUNA, RETINA

Brazil http: //www. rnp. br Rede Nacional de Ensino e Pesquisa - RNP • Connecting ~27 Brazilian states at 155 Mbps. • RNP 2 – Am. PATH via DS-3

Brazil http: //www. ansp. br ANSP: Academic Network at Sao Paulo Am. PATH via 45 Mbps

Argentina http: //www. retina. ar Red Teleinformática Académica Red RETINA: • Connecting ~25 institutions • Retina 2: via AMPATH

Chile http: //www. reuna. cl Red Universitaria Nacional – REUNA • 10 POP’s from Arica to Valdivia • 155 Mbps ATM/SDH Network • Centrally operated from Santiago • Basic Internet and Internet 2 services • REUNA 3: Gigabit Backbone Project Iquique Antofagasta Copiapó La Serena Valparaíso Santiago Talca Concepción Valdivia Temuco Geographical Distribution of REUNA 2 POP’s

Costa Rica http: //www. crnet. cr National Research Network - CRNet • Internet 2 connectivity possibly through Los Arcos