WWI THE GREAT WAR Canada and the World

WWI THE GREAT WAR Canada and the World 1914 - 1918

The Real Face of War. . .

The Causes of WWI – M. A. N. I. A M – Militarism: the policy of the government making the military very strong. A – Alliances system: where countries make agreements that if they are attacked the friendly country will help them. N – Nationalism: patriotic feeling towards your country. The desire for people to protect their own language, religion, traditions etc. I – Imperialism: extending the rule of your country over another country. This was called empire building. A – Assassination: 28 June 1914 a Serbian nationalist assassinated Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand, the man who was to be the King of Austria – Hungary.

M - Militarism Countries like Germany were trying to build up their military, especially their navy. 2. Germany was competing with Britain for the largest navy, building dreadnoughts/ battleships and Uboats/submarines. 3. This created an ARMS RACE – competing for the most military weapons. 1.

Navy �The new war boats were called Dreadnoughts. Battle ships with massive guns. �Submarines or U-boats, as the Germans called them, were used to blockade Britain from getting supplies from Canada and other countries. �Aircraft Carriers were also invented in WWI.

Biplanes – a rarity in the war �The Airplane was used to drop grenades and small bombs on soldiers in trenches. �There was air to air fighting called DOG FIGHTS. �ACE - anyone who shot down more than 5 planes �Famous ACES – Canadian BILLY BISHOP– 72 kills Germany’s Manfred von Richthofen - The RED BARON - 80 kills

Biplanes – a rarity in the war

Machine guns – a new technology first used by the Germans

Artillery – new word for cannons

Tanks – a new technology 1916 �Tanks were invented because it gave soldiers protection from bullets when trying to attack the enemy. �Tanks could also drive over trenches.

Chlorine Gas �The gas made a chemical reaction when it came in contact with moisture (nose, mouth, lungs) and burned the victim. �Poison gas like this led to the invention of gas masks.

Other Weapons �Repeating Rifle – It is a gun that doesn’t have to be re- loaded after every shot. �Flamethrower – a special gun that shoots flaming liquid out of it to burn out troops from trenches and dugouts/bunkers �Cavalry – some horses with riders who had swords and charged at the enemy were still used in the Great War.

Europe in 1914 – map

A – Alliances System �There were two major alliances in Europe: The Triple Entente – the Allies: Britain (including Canada) France Russia Italy (used to be part of Triple Alliance but switched sides) 2. The Triple Alliance – the Central Powers: Germany Austria-Hungary 1.

A Comic Look at how Alliances work. . .

How the Alliance System led to World War �When Archduke Franz Ferdinand was killed in Serbia, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia 28 July 1914. Ø Since Russia was Serbia’s ally, Russia declared war on Austria-Hungary 29 July 1914. Ø Since Germany was an ally of Austria-Hungary they declared war on Russia 1 August 1914. Ø THEN, since France and Britain where allies of Russia they declared war on Germany and Austria-Hungary 3 -4 August 1914. �CANADA? Declared war on Germany because Britain did. That is because Britain had control over our foreign policy.