WTO Public Symposium Trade Facilitation A tool for
WTO Public Symposium Trade Facilitation: A tool for Development 2005 -04 -21, GVA, CH Jean E. Kubler jean. kubler@unece. org UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE
UN/CEFACT Mission Simple, Transparent and Effective Processes for Global Business. l Develop and maintain international standards and instruments; l Integrating UN/CEFACT’s instruments into the new policy frameworks; l Strategic capacity building and promotion to support greater implementation of existing instruments UNECE regional level and cooperation with other UN Regional Commissions and organizations UN/CEFACT
Economic efficiency £ Added value and cost Omagh to Algeria. 1 Order – 360 net tonnes, 21 weeks Payment by customer Retail sale Payment of transport and FOB charges Unload and store Delivery to customers warehouse Inwards clearance Main vessel off-loading Proof of export Sea Crossing Refund payment and administration Main vessel loading Exit clearance from community Delivery to port Unload, repack Delivery to customs warehouse Dehire GKN pallets Documentation Refund claim Invoice and order administration Load and despatch Manufacture Short Lead Components Export Licence Long Lead items Customs formalities (Inland) Pre-shipment Inspection Documentation Request Health Certificates, Licences Order receipt and administration Artwork Credit Arrangements Enquiry Validation 12 13 15 16 19 21 Weeks UN/CEFACT (approx)
Logistics costs worldwide Region Country North America Mexico 15. 3 USA 10. 5 Belgium 11. 4 France 12. 0 Germany 13. 1 Greece 12. 6 Spain 14. 7 China 16. 5 India 15. 4 Brazil 15. 0 Europe Asia/Pacific South America Logistics as % of GDP (1997) UN/CEFACT Source: Bowersox, Closs, Cooper, 2002
The UN/CEFACT Vision Total Trade Transaction – Integrated supply-chain Competitiveness – trade efficiency Trade facilitation UN/CEFACT
But the objectives must be clear Facilitation • Exchange of goods and services • Government • Regional • Security Efficiency • Production terial is in M s u b m Colo n Trade o n io t a r la c e D AD 1994 T C N U , y c n Efficie • Private • National • trade Balance revenue enhancing, economic efficiency, security, external trade policy for market access UN/CEFACT
How: The International Trade Transaction Process Intermediary Seller BUY SHIP PAY Buyer Authority UN/CEFACT
The International Trade Transaction Process BUY Establish Business Agreement Request Quotation Negotiate Agree Contract Order INVOLVES Commercial Procedures • Establish Contract • Order Goods • Advise On Delivery • Request Payment UN/CEFACT
The International Trade Transaction Process SHIP - X: y t li a n io t r o p ro ansit - VIII: P r T : V Prepare for lication Prepare for b u Export Transport P Export Import INVOLVES Regulatory Procedures • Obtain Import/Export Licences etc • Provide Customs Declarations • Provide Cargo Declaration • Apply Trade Security Procedures • Clear Goods for Export/Import Transport Procedures • Establish Transport Contract • Collect, Transport and Deliver Goods • Provide Waybills, Goods Receipts Status reports etc. UN/CEFACT
The International Trade Transaction Process PAY Prepare for Payment Request Payment Initiate Payment Execute Payment Advise Payment INVOLVES Financial Procedures • Provide Credit Rating • Provide Insurance • Provide Credit • Execute Payment • Issue Statements UN/CEFACT
WTO rules relevant to trade facilitation l GATT 1994: Ø V, VIII, X, VII (valuation for customs purposes), IX (marks of origin) l Agreements: Ø Customs valuation, import licensing Procedures, Preshipment inspection, Rules of Origin, technical Barriers to Trade, Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures l GATS: Ø Transport, Financing, Telecommunciations l TRIPS: Ø Boarder measures for counterfeit and pirated goods UN/CEFACT
UN/CEFACT SIMPLE, TRANSPARENT AND EFFECTIVE PROCESSES FOR GLOBAL BUSINESS. www. uncefact. org UN/CEFACT
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