WS 4 Introductions and Conclusions Last time In

WS 4 Introductions and Conclusions

Last time … In small groups, discuss briefly any questions or comments related to themes in Workshop 3 or the online material 29. 1. 2018

Today Organizing feedback sessions (WS 6) What constitutes an effective introduction and conclusion Language Centre 29. 1. 2018

Learning outcomes After this session, students will be able to … … recognize and apply the criteria for an effective introduction and conclusion. Language Centre 29. 1. 2018

Homework due today A. Improve the flow of your writing 1. Add academic phraseology and signposting language 2. Eliminate Zombie Nouns 3. Apply the right verb form/ tense 29. 1. 2018

Peer review a) Highlight instances of awkward nominalisations? b) Highlight where the verb tense/form is inappropriate c) Highlight transitions both within and between paragraphs - Transitions using a single word, phrase, sentence, or even paragraph? Transition missing? Add a comment Cohesion? / Consider familiar + new principle d) Highlight the use of academic phraseology Discuss your findings with your partner 29. 1. 2018

WS 6 Feedback sessions Peer and teacher comments

Course timeline – preliminary plan Part II HW Inc R 5 HW Inl. R 4 WS 4 Intro and conclusions WS 5 Mechanics R 6 After P. feedback SUBMIT final draft After teacherpeer feedback session WS 6 Teacher-Peer Feedback LCA-1022 Academic Writing 8

1. Today: choose a partner for the peer review: preferably someone whose text you haven’t reviewed so far. 2. Sign up for time for the teacher feedback session • Submit R 5 to My. Courses After W 5 but by 9. 10. 13: 00 & email copy to partner for peer review • Peer review your partner’s paper using the Guidelines for Peer Review • Submit to My. Courses the peer review comments on your partner’s paper • Meet your partner/s to discuss the peer review and revise your paper according to the comments you receive • Based on feedback from partner, revise your paper (= R 6) 29. 1. 2018

3. Submit R 6 to My. Courses for teacher comments as. doc or. docx, NOT. pdf!! by the day before your teacher feedback session • Note: Please don't be late with this submission as your teacher needs time to review and comment the revised paper before the group meeting! • Resubmit the very first text you uploaded at the beginning of the course. • Partners participate in feedback session with the teacher • After the feedback session, submit the final version of your text to My. Courses/turnitin 29. 1. 2018

Choose a partner and select a time for the teacher feedback session Go to the scheduler in My. Courses: Workshop 4 29. 1. 2018

An effective introduction

Homework before coming this time Read and review the following Writing Introductions for a thesis or dissertation (Caley, Rachel, 2013, blog) https: //explorationsofstyle. com/2013/01/22/introductions/ Introductions and conclusions (in a literature review) http: //www. monash. edu. au/lls/llonline/writing/general/lit-reviews/1. xml (Monash) http: //writing. wisc. edu/Handbook/Reviewof. Literature. html (Wisconsin-Madison) Writing Conclusions https: //students. wlu. ca/academics/support-and-advising/writingsupport/resources/index. html > Structuring an academic paper > Introductions and Conclusions (Laurier) https: //www. scribbr. com/thesis/writing-conclusion-discussion-thesis/ (Swaen Scribbr) LCA-1022 24. 1. 2018

Groupwork: An effective introduction My. Courses> WS 8 Intro & Conclusions > Effective introductions In small groups, discuss your ideas on 1) What makes an effective introduction. . . • • To a thesis? To one section of thesis? 2) Share strategies/tips for writing introductions Post your ideas at the link in My. C/Padlet 29. 1. 2018

Typical structure “A whole” has a beginning, a middle, and an end” Aristotle, Poetics (c. 350 B. C. ) Introduction Body Conclusion General to specific Body (specific) Specific to general 29. 1. 2018 EXTRA: http: //sana. aalto. fi/awe/style/reporting/sections/index. html

What are the functions of an introduction? Bridge • Gives context & background • Establishes need and relevance: why is this important? Attention grabber • Captures reader interest • Makes a good first impression Roadmap • Indicates scope / what to expect • States the purpose of the text, and the main issues to be dealt with 29. 1. 2018

Thesis introduction – what to include? Structure: General-specific General to specific • Provide background to the topic - Situate the paper in the context of larger conversations. . . connected to specific argument your paper will address - Aim to engage readers’ intellectural curiosity in the topic in YOUR paper Body (specific) • Demonstrate importance / need for the research - Explains how your research will contribute to the existing research • Present a claim, finding, or argument - In a thesis statement / purpose statement / question Specific to general • Indicate scope (what to expect) • Give an overview of the ensuing discussion (order of points) 29. 1. 2018

Task: Analyzing introductions 1/2 Check your own introduction (thesis/chapter) for the key parts To what extent does the introduction fulfill the following criteria of a “good” introduction? Identify the sentences that. . . • • • Engage the reader in a question, debate, situation, etc Include a thesis statement / purpose statement / question Provide background to the topic Demonstrate importance / need for the research (gap) Indicate scope Provide an overview (a roadmap) Discuss your observations with your partner If time, come up with ideas for your introduction 29. 1. 2018

Task: Analyzing introductions 2/2 With a partner, access the Aaltodoc link on MA theses Choose an(other) introduction to survey together (thesis/chapter, written in English) Can you identify the criteria of a “good” introduction? Identify the sentences/sections that. . . • • • Engage the reader in a question, debate, situation, etc Include a thesis statement / purpose statement / question Provide background to the topic Demonstrate importance / need for the research (gap) Indicate scope Provide an overview (a roadmap) Discuss your observations with your partner 29. 1. 2018

Photo: Hope House Press. notebooks-cambridge. Unsplash free image. https: //unsplash. com/photos/IOzk 8 YKDh. Yg/info Published August 23 rd, 2016, Retrieved Oct 2 nd, 2017. 29. 1. 2018

What does an effective conclusion do? How does it do it? Access the padlet Effective conclusions WS 4. Share your ideas on 1) 2) What makes an effective conclusion? What strategies you find useful for writing conclusions? 29. 1. 2018

An effective conclusion/ conclusion and discussion 9/15/2020 22

What should a conclusion do? A conclusion for thesis should • Give thesis a sense of completeness • Leave a final impression on the reader 9/15/2020 23

A few pointers Show your readers why your research was important / meaningful / useful Synthesize, don't simply summarize • Don't simply repeat things that were in your thesis, but do provide a succinct account of the work • Don’t introduce new information • Don’t exaggerate (or underestimate) the significance of your findings or thesis itself • Do show readers how the points you made fit together to create a coherent whole that answers your research questions and fulfils the aims of your purpose statement • Do discuss the limitations of your thesis • Do discuss the contribution your thesis has made to existing knowledge (refering back to the literature you have mentioned earlier in your thesis • Do make recommendations for future research 9/15/2020 24

How do you start drafting a conclusion? Ask yourself How do my ideas connect to what scholars have written in their treatment of the topic? What new ideas have I added to the conversation? What ideas do I critique? What are the limitations of my data, methods, or results? What are the consequences of the strongest idea that comes out of my paper? How can I return to the question or situation I describe in the introduction? 9/15/2020 25

Homework 29. 1. 2018

Tasks to complete before W 5 Task 1 Analyse your conclusion (or one from an Aaltodocs thesis) to see whether it • Sums up the main points? • Indicates the usefulness / relevance / importance? • Shows a clear connection to thesis or purpose statement in the introduction? (of the corresponding section or chapter) • Mentions the limitations of the study (only in the actual conclusion to thesis)? • States the implications for future research / the next steps (only in the conclusions chapter)? Bring to Workshop 5 for discussion Task 2 Revision 4. Revise text according to teacher comments and peer review comments and submit (A 14 2 pts) 29. 1. 2018

Tasks to complete before W 5 Task 3 1. 5 -page reflection on revising own text and peer review feedback, feedback received so far, analyzing an intro and conclusion etc. (A 15 2 pts) Task 4 Watch video on abstracts Task 5 Access the links on parallel structure, relative clauses, relative vs noun clauses and formal vs informal English Task 6 Try the grammar exercises from the links 29. 1. 2018

LC Writing Clinic Link: https: //into. aalto. fi/display/enlc/Services