Writing the Literature Review Literature Review A Process

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Writing the Literature Review

Writing the Literature Review

Literature Review A Process The literature review: A synthesis of studies on any given

Literature Review A Process The literature review: A synthesis of studies on any given topic. Usually precedes a full-length original study as a way of introducing the general topic. Its purpose: To help the reader understand the background to your study and see how it’s the next logical study to be conducted in this domain. Necessarily, a good literature review requires a thoroughly researched topic. Be prepared for a writing process. Do not attempt to write a literature review overnight. This process takes weeks and months. Yes, months.

Literature Review: Preparations There are different preliminary steps to consider, such as: Topic selection

Literature Review: Preparations There are different preliminary steps to consider, such as: Topic selection and narrowing. Research, research. . . Selecting viable source material

Topic Selection Work with your professor and/or research project mentor to select your topic.

Topic Selection Work with your professor and/or research project mentor to select your topic. Examine a wide array of resources for ideas on topic selection: Textbooks Titles and abstracts of other articles Broad theories (as areas for exploration) Delimitations (to find a niche) Remember to brainstorm with other individuals. The University Writing Center is awesome for this.

Research Strategies Use the university library resources to help you keep your research organized.

Research Strategies Use the university library resources to help you keep your research organized. Be professional in your selection of sources. Peer-reviewed articles are a BIG deal. Databases are an enormous resource for a literature review assignment. You can’t cite from mere abstracts in your paper. You must read and cite the entire article. Cast your net wide. Remember to use your database’s thesaurus to explore more options for research. Use every search tool available to you. Google Scholar can be useful.

Evaluating & Interpreting Research Ensure your information is both accurate and unbiased. Stick to

Evaluating & Interpreting Research Ensure your information is both accurate and unbiased. Stick to peer reviewed sources only. (It’s worth repeating. ) Be guarded against any research that claims to “prove” an idea. Unequivocal results are rare. Consider each study’s methods, measurements, and significance to evaluate whether you should use it. Finally, take caution when you encounter research studies--especially qualitative research studies--that attempt to show causality.

Organizing & Outlining Organization is key to the construction of an effective literature review.

Organizing & Outlining Organization is key to the construction of an effective literature review. Let your outline flow from your research. Good organization begins with conscientious research. Take thorough research notes. Begin grouping your sources by topic, delimitation, and chronology. Make piles on a large table. Literally. Pay extremely good attention to key definitions as you do your research. Establish which studies are going to be most important for your review; take more thorough notes on these studies. However, avoid too many quotations in your notes. Use only 1 -2 quotations per source maximum! Learn how to paraphrase well. (The university writing center can help!)

Organizing & Outlining Create a topic outline before you begin drafting In your literature

Organizing & Outlining Create a topic outline before you begin drafting In your literature review’s Introduction: Identify the topic Establish the topic’s importance Define any crucial terms Engage in any theoretical discussions that are necessary for the logic of your literature review Arrange the raw research. This part of outlining will be considerably easier if you’ve done a good job organizing the data ahead of time (i. e. , worked from piles!). Remember as you outline: Logical cohesion and flow are vital!

Drafting Strategies Follow your topic outline as you write. Develop and maintain a logical

Drafting Strategies Follow your topic outline as you write. Develop and maintain a logical progression (think: giant funnel). This paper is not a (glorified) list. Demonstrate consistencies in and relationships between the literature you’ve studied. Likewise, emphasize the stronger studies (e. g. , have better measurements or more consistent methods) over ones that are weaker. Make the implications of your information and any suggestions for further research as specific as possible.

A sample paragraph with transitions Researchers have conducted studies about siblings of special needs

A sample paragraph with transitions Researchers have conducted studies about siblings of special needs and autistic children because this group is vulnerable to adjustment difficulties (Cuskell). In fact, specialists have compared the sibling-autism relationship to the MR relationship. They have also studied the importance of the family, and particularly the mother, in this relationship. In addition, Kaminsky and Dewey found that the autism-sibling relationship is characterized by less intimacy and pro-social behavior. This study likewise reports that these relationships were marked by fewer instances of quarreling. While this phenomenon may occur because of the unique situation of the autism-sibling relationship, less fighting is also a positive illustration of a relationship marked by more admiration. Furthermore, Rivers and Stoneman define this relationship as asymmetrical. These results are also similar to the MR-sibling relationship, as reported by Knott. Rivers and Stoneman reveal, too, that parents worry about the autism-sibling relationship in their families. The importance of the family’s influence on the autism-sibling relationship is very useful for this research study and thus, will be discussed in the conclusion of the literature review.

Introduction & Conclusion Introduction: Explain literature review structure. Thesis: Establish the logical progression. Conclusion:

Introduction & Conclusion Introduction: Explain literature review structure. Thesis: Establish the logical progression. Conclusion: Specifically identify the study that will follow (i. e. , your original study!) as a result of this literature review.

Drafting: Pitfalls to Avoid Unprofessional language: Avoid the appearance of cheekiness or emotional appeal.

Drafting: Pitfalls to Avoid Unprofessional language: Avoid the appearance of cheekiness or emotional appeal. Don’t plagiarize! Be extremely careful with your paraphrasing. In fact, attend or view online the writing center’s workshop, Writing Papers with a Good Conscience! Too many quotations: Only quote those elements which need the utmost precision. One or two quotations max per source. Lack of Fluency and Cohesiveness: Your literature review should not read like a list of facts. Use transitions to develop fluency. Headings do not substitute for transitions. Show connections between the literature Develop your thesis in the paper itself.

Go Forth and Write! And come see me: M 9: 00 -11: 00 W

Go Forth and Write! And come see me: M 9: 00 -11: 00 W 9: 30 (and by appointment) (and make an appt. at the UWC for extra help)