Write it out Select one political or nonpolitical

Write it out. . . Select one political or non-political Revolution and summarize it on the index card provided. Include the way things were before, during and after the revolution. Then summarize how the revolution still affects us today. -Hint: there are FOUR key elements to this task, answer all 4. -Use transition words to flow from answering one task to the next. -Use your notes but DO NOT copy word for word.

Essential Question Why do people move?

The Agricultural Revolution=change

New farming Techniques Throughout the early 1700 s new technologies helped improve farming and increased food production Iron Plow Seed Drill Iron Plow The wooden plow was useful in the sandy Mediterranean soil where it was invented, but did not work well in the dense wet soil of Europe. The Iron plow was heavy and strong enough to easily break Europe’s soil. Jethro Tull created a seed drill to plant seeds in straight lines. These crops could be weeded easily. Turnip Townshend Instead of leaving fields fallow, Townshend urged farmers to plant turnips, which restored exhausted soil.

Population Explosion More food=bigger population Estimated population statistics: Britain in 1700: 5 million Almost Double!! Britain in 1800: 9 million What other time period does this population increase remind you of? Neolithic Revolution

The Industrial Revolution 1750 -1850 Revolution = CHANGE 3: 08 -5: 20

Industrial Revolution • The Industrial is the name given to It begins Revolution in Great Britain because thethey massive social, economic and have plenty of natural resources th technological change in 18 and 19 th century (like Coal) and many natural Great Britain. waterways • It commenced with the introduction of steam power, fueled primarily by coal.

Industrial Change The Industrial revolution refers to the shift from simple hand tools to complex machines AND from human & animal power to steam power.

Before People live and work in small farming villages During People move from farming villages to new city centers based on industry- urbanization After Cities become overcrowded with working families

Causes of Industrialization 1. Availability of natural resources for fuel (coal) 2. Capital (surplus money to invest) 3. Technological inventions and energy

Capital (money for investing) allowed for new inventions: Steam Engine- powered machines without needing to be next to a moving water source. Heats water by burning coal. Spinning Jenny- Quickly produces thread.

Transportation Systems Inventions allowed for the production of large quantities of product but transportation was slow. Turnpikes- private roads that charged $$ to transport on. Example I-90 Steamships- ships powered with steam could move faster and reliably without wind. Railroads- steam powered locomotives could carry large loads quickly across vast distances. The first major line laid in 1830. Within 40 years lines crossed Europe and America.

Effects of Industrialization 1)Urbanization and a general rise in the standard of living 2)Loss of Traditional way of Life 3)New Economic Systems 4)Doomsayers 1: 53

Review Before a nation can begin to industrialize, that nation must first develop 1. 2. 3. 4. A democratic government A rigid class structure A strong religious foundation An adequate food supply

Review -Europeans sought new markets for their goods. -Many Europeans migrated to the cities in search of jobs. -European middle class gained political power. What was the major cause of these changes in Europe? 1. Industrial Revolution 2. rise of feudalism 3. Congress of Vienna 4. French Revolution

Review Which condition is most necessary to the process of industrialization in a society 1) Dependence on subsistence agriculture 2) Creation of a one-crop economy 3) Availability of investment capital 4) Capture of foreign lands

1. Urbanization Movement of people to cities to find work. What do you already know about the conditions in these factories and cities? Child Labor Dark, unsafe factories Long hours and little pay Poor living conditions

Origin of textile factory workers • Cotton was sent to farm families Before who would spin cotton into thread. • Thread was sent to artisans to dye middle and weave into cloth end • Dyed cloth was sent to small factories to create garments What is wrong with this process? Too slow and too expensive. Only small quantities could be produced keeping cost high

Origin of Textile Factory Workers New inventions were bought by rich capitalists. The machines turned out cheaper and better products than the farm workers. Thus the workers become disposable.

2. Loss of Traditional Way of life The customs and traditions of the farms and past are replaced by the “new” city ways. Traditional ways are blended or lost as a result

3. New Economic Systems Shift from a traditional economic system based on bartering and trade to mostly money based exchanges. -Capitalism -Communism

Capitalism § Wealthy people (entrepreneurs) and companies will invest money, capital, into factories § Entrepreneurs believed they would make money off of the growing demand. § The idea is it takes money to make money

Capitalism In a Capitalist society the factories are owned by private investors who’s goal is to make money. Adam Smith believed in Laissez Faire economics based on supply and demand. If the demand is high and the investors are making money, they will make more supply.

Capitalist Cycle Growing Demand Lower prices fuel more demand Capitalism Supply increases, prices fall Investors buy machines to produce large quantities

Capitalist Problems Capitalist systems tend to push for Laissez Faire, or non-regulation by the government. Such systems, however, allow businesses to exploit the workers, as they place profits above all else. As such, workers are forced to work long hours for low wages, in unsafe conditions. Eventually, the workers unite in unions and vote for new politicians to force changes. We call these times of reform, the Progressive Era.

Communism Form of socialism advocated by Karl Marx; according to Marx, class struggle was inevitable and would lead the creation of a Communism is both antoeconomic and classless society insystem. which all In wealth Government both, and the property would be owned by the community Government makes all the decisions. as a whole. What you need to know: a communist society has no class structure because everyone is equal and all property is shared.

Karl Marx Ø Known as the father of communism Ø Teamed up with Friedrich Engels to write, “The Communist Manifesto”. Ø Marx believes that history is just a history of class struggles: between the “haves” and “have-nots”

Haves and Have-nots Bourgeoisie: they own the means of production and control society Proletariat: they own nothing and work for the bourgeoisie The Entrepreneurs and investors The workers The bosses The proletariats will struggle against the bosses

Bourgeoisie= Boss You tell me: Who are the Bourgeoisie?

Proletariat= Workers You tell me: Who are the Proletariat?

Review Which revolution inspired Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels to express their ideas in The Communist Manifesto? 1. 2. 3. 4. Industrial Scientific Glorious Neolithic

Review According to theories of Karl Marx, history can be viewed as a 1. succession of famines that result in the destruction of civilizations 2. repeating cycle of imperialism and colonialism 3. listing of the accomplishments of the ruling classes 4. continuous struggle between economic classes

Review A major result of the Industrial Revolution was the 1. concentration of workers in urban areas 2. increased desire of the wealthy class to share its power 3. formation of powerful craft guilds 4. control of agricultural production by governments

Stages of Communism According to Marx, history has been the story of the struggle between the workers and bosses. 1) Capital 2) Factories are built 3) Factories need workers 4) Conflict 5) Communism

#1 Capital Remember one of the causes of the Industrial Revolution is capital, or surplus money used for investment.

#2 Build Factories

#3 Factories need Workers

#4 Conflict Proletariat vs. Bourgeoisie

#5 Communist Revolution The proletariat will rise above the bourgeoisie and set up a communist society: class less and shared property. Karl Marx: Father of Communism

Communist Nations in History • USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) • China • North Korea • Vietnam • Cuba

What does this video say about communism?

Doomsayers Some saw the new industrialization as a negative for society. Thomas Malthus believed the growing population would outgrow the food supply. “Poverty and misery are unavoidable because population is increasing faster then the food supply” David Ricardo felt there was no hope for the working class to escape poverty unless they limit their family sizes. He created the Iron Law of Wages.

Iron Law of Wages High wages to appeal to the few available workers Families have more children Wages start to fall because kids are working. Increasing the labor force

Review “The proletarians have nothing to lose but their chains…Workers of the world, unite!” This statement was made in response to conditions resulting from the 1. Protestant Reformation 2. Counter-Reformation 3. Commercial Revolution 4. Industrial Revolution

Review “Revolution will occur more and more frequently in the industrialized nations as the proletariat struggles to overcome the abuses of the capitalist system. ” This quotation reflects the ideas of 1. Charles Darwin 2. Karl Marx 3. Niccolo Machiavelli 4. John Locke

Review According to Karl Marx, history is the record of the 1. granting of more political liberties to all people 2. struggle between classes in society 3. wars and conflicts between national leaders 4. increasing prosperity brought about by industrialization

Review A main idea of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engles’ Communist Manifesto is that the proletariat 1. would need foreign help to achieve its revolutionary ends 2. had to cooperate with the capitalists to gain economic rewards 3. should allow the capitalists to control the means of production 4. must unite to overthrow the capitalist class

Review A major result of the Industrial Revolution was the 1. concentration of workers in urban areas 2. increased desire of the wealthy class to share its power 3. formation of powerful craft guilds 4. control of agricultural production by governments

Review Capitalism and Socialism

DBQ intro Industrial Revolution: What does Industry mean: What does Revolution mean: What was the Industrial Revolution? When writing an intro, you should always include a definition of theme or topic: The Industrial Revolution began in Europe in the 18 th and 19 th Centuries. This revolution was a time period of change in the way we produce our goods, transitioning from slowly hand made products to mass produced goods using machines. While we still produce using machines, the industrial revolution itself caused many positives and negatives as Britain changed.