WRF Modifications Goddard Suite and Applications at Goddard
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WRF Modifications (Goddard Suite) and Applications at Goddard GOCART Tao et al. (2007) WRF Satellite Data Cloud. Sat, TRMM Field Campaigns (MAP, GPM) • Water/energy cycle against data from field programs • Semi-Real and Real Time at GPM Super sites and TC 4 • Hurricane/Typhoon (Impact of microphysics and land surface on intensity - fine resolution simulation - diurnal cycle? ) • Regional Climate (i. e. , Monsoon) Kumar et al. (2007) Water Cycle (NEWS) Blue Boxes: Goddard Physical Packages Tao, W. -K. , J. Shi, S. Chen, S. Lang, S. -Y. Hong, G. Thompson, C. Peters-Lidard, A. Hou, S. Braun, and J. Simpson, 2007: Revised bulk-microphysical schemes for studying precipitation processes: Part I: Comparison with different microphysical schemes, Mon. Wea. Rev. , (submitted). Kumar, S. V. , C. D. Peters-Lidard, J. E. Eastman, W. -K. Tao, 2007: An integrated high resolution hydrometeorological modeling system using LIS and WRF, Environmental Modeling & Software, (in press). • Cloud-Aerosol Interactions (transport/precipitation - Asia and USA) W. Lau, K. Pickering, A. Hou, C. Mian, S. Braun, W. Lapenta, S. Kumar, T. Matsui, R. Shi C. Peters-Lidard, W. -K. Tao
WRF Cases (high-resolution runs) GPM C 3 VP (2007) Katrina (2005) Forest Fire (2007) India - Monsoon (2005 -2006) IHOP (2002) TC 4 2007
Goddard Microphysics (>12 Different Schemes) CSU RAMs’ 2 -Moment: Cloud-Aerosol/Precipitation Interactions (D. Posselt, A. Hou, G. Stephens) NCAR 2 -moment: H. Morrison Three-moments: Milbrandt and Yau (2005) No Microphysical Scheme is perfect !
Goddard Bulk Microphysical Scheme • • • Warm Rain (Soong and Ogura 1973) Ice-Water Saturation Adjustment (Tao et al. 1989) 3 ICE-Graupel and 3 ICE-Hail (Tao and Simpson 1989, 1993; Mu. Cumber et al. 1990) Option 3 ICE-Graupel (Rutledge and Hobb 1984) or 3 ICE -Hail (Lin et al. 1983) The sum of all the sink processes associated with one species will not exceed its mass - (Water budget balance) All transfer processes from one type of hydrometeor to another are calculated based on one thermodynamic state (ensure all processes are equal) MM 5 Tao, W. -K. , and J. Simpson, 1993: The Goddard Cumulus Ensemble Model. Part I: Model description. Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, 4, 35 -72. • • • 3 ICE Modification (Tao et al. 2003) Saturation adjustment Conversion from Ice to Snow 2 ICE scheme (Tao et al. 2003) Ice and Snow 3 ICE-Graupel Modification (Lang et al. 2007) Conversion from cloud to snow Dry growth of graupel WRF <-- GCE Tao, W. -K. , J. Simpson, D. Baker, S. Braun, M. -D. Chou, B. Ferrier, D. Johnson, A. Khain, S. Lang, B. Lynn, C. -L. Shie, D. Starr, C. -H. Sui, Y. Wang and P. Wetzel, 2003: Microphysics, radiation and surface processes in the Goddard Cumulus Ensemble (GCE) model, A Special Issue on Non-hydrostatic Mesoscale Modeling, Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, 82, 97 -137. Lang, S. , W. -K. Tao, R. Cifelli, W. Olson, J. Halverson, S. Rutledge, and J. Simpson, 2007: Improving simulations of convective system from TRMM LBA: Easterly and Westerly regimes. J. Atmos. Sci. , 64, 1141 -1164. Observation H(km) d. Bz CFAD - Radar Reflectivity Improved (WRF)
Microphysical Schemes • WRF WSM 6 (Hong et al. 2004) • WRF Purdue Lin (Chen and Sun 2002) • WRF Thompson (Thompson et al. 2007 - V 3) • Goddard 3 ICE - Graupel (Tao et al. 2003 a; Lang et al. 2007) Tropical Oceanic • Goddard 3 ICE - Hail (Tao and Simpson 1993; Mc. Cumber et al. 1990) - Midlatitude Continental • Goddard 2 ICE (Tao et al. 2003 b) - Winter Snow Storm/Frontal
Thompson Lin 3 ice/graupel 2 ICE WSM 6 3 ice/hail Observation GCE 3 ICE-Hail simulated a very thin convective line and is in better agreement with observation IHOP 2002 - WRF 1 km grid
qs: snow qg: graupel qs qs WRF Thompson 3 ICE-graupel qg qs WRF WSM 6 qg qg WRF Purdue-Lin 2 ICE qs 3 ICE-hail Tao, W. -K. , J. Shi, S. Chen, S. Lang, S. -Y. Hong, G. Thompson, C. Peters-Lidard, A. Hou, S. Braun, and J. Simpson, 2007: Revised bulk-microphysical schemes for studying precipitation processes: Part I: Comparison with different microphysical schemes, Mon. Wea. Rev. , (submitted).
Minimum sea level pressure (MSLP) Hurricane Katrina (2005) - 1. 67 km grid Minimum sea level pressure (MSLP) from the observation and five different WRF experiments using different microphysical schemes (00 Z 8/27/2005 to 00 Z 8/30/2005). Similar temporal variation between model simulated and observed MSLP. All schemes over-estimated MSLP, especially Lin scheme. Lin Tracks for Hurricane Katrina (2005) from the observation and five different WRF experiments using different microphysical schemes (from 00 Z 8/27/2005 to 00 Z 8/30/2005). Good track forecast in 1 st 24 h model integration All schemes’ simulated track is far west after landfall
Thompson 2 ice Goddard 3 Ice-graupel appears to agree with observation in eye and outer rain band structure WSM 6 3 ice/hail Lin 3 ice/graupel Hurricane Isabel (2003) IR-TRMM
WRF Simulated Radar Reflectivity (1 km grid) 06 Z 1/20 2007 07 Z 1/22 2007 00 Z 1/21 2007 09 Z 1/22 2007 Two Major Snow Events - 1 -2 feet snow: A lake (local) effect event (top two) and a synoptic event
Vertical profiles of domain- and 1 st 24 -hour time-average cloud species (i. e. , cloud water, rain, cloud ice, snow and graupel) for the 3 ICE (cloud ice, snow and graupel) and 2 ICE (cloud ice and snow) 3 ICE 2 ICE Large precipitating particles (rain and graupel) did not form for both experiments <--weak vertical velocity (~50 cm/s). O Similar profiles for cloud water, cloud ice and snow for both experiments. O Goddard 3 ICE microphysical scheme did response the cloud dynamic well without producing large size precipitating ice (graupel). O Cloud water presence during snow event has been observed and simulated (also found many other snow events) O
Sensitivity of microphysical schemes on the vertical profiles of domain and time-average cloud species (1 st 2 hh hour integration and for lake snow event) Lin Goddard No cloud ice, little cloud water Snow and graupel at ground WSM 6 Snow and graupel at ground Cloud ice is dominant species, little cloud water Thompson No cloud ice
Goddard WRF In-Line Cloud Statistics - Cloud water and energy budget (convective vs stratiform) Tracer Calculation - Trace gases redistribution by convective updraft and downdraft Microphysics New 3 Ice-Graupel 2 -Moment (cloud-aerosol interactions) - Testing Multi-moment (mass, concentration, shape) Hybrid (Spectral bin and bulk microphysics) Satellite (Earth) simulators (microwave, dual frequency precipitation radar, lidar, cloud radar, IR…) - Need to improve computational performance - documentation. Ocean Model(s)
Thanks More on GCE model microphysics improvement Impact on Global Cloud-Resolving Model Observation New Reducing the overestimate of 40 d. Bz at higher altitude WRF
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