Wrasses and Parrot Fish of Hawaii By Baleigh

Wrasses and Parrot Fish of Hawaii By Baleigh Johnson, Halley King, and Joslyn Potter

Scaridae 83 species, 9 genera "Beak"- fusion of large teeth and soft lips Dorsal fin- 9 spines, 10 soft rays Anal fin- 3 spines, 9 soft rays Pectoral- one soft spine, 5 soft rays Large Scales 1 -4 ft long

Characteristics -Vibrant color -Adaptations that help grind and chew hard -shelled invertebrates and other foods

Parrot Fish Found In Hawaii Calotomus carolinus paluka stareye parrotfish ponohunuhu Chlorurus sordidus Scarus rubroviolaceus uhu ember parrotfish Chlorurus perspicillatus. uhu uliuli Pacific bullethead parrotfish spectacled parrotfish

Scaridae Habitat and Microhabitat -Beds of seagrass or rocky reefs (crevice dwellers) -Diurnal -Territorial

Scaridae Solitary vs Schooling Schools that are around 40 individuals that are led by a superior male.

Scaridae Diet and Specialization for Feeding -large teeth rip off coral -pharyngeal teeth -sand

Scaridae Defensive Morphology -Forms in 30 -60 minutes.

Wrasses aka Labridae humphead napoleon wrasse

Wrasses Found in Hawaii old woman wrasse belted wrasse 'omaka hinalea lauhine Thalassoma ballieui Stethojulis balteata bird wrasse Christmas wrasse Thalassoma trilobatum hinalea 'i'iwi ' awela Gomphosus varius Yellow: Common Name, White: Scientific Name, Red: Hawaiian name

More Hinalea pearl wrasse Bodianus bilunulatus Anampses cuvier 'opule Hawaiian hogfish 'a'awa Coris gaimard yellowtail coris Cheilio inermis cigar wrasse hinalea 'aki-lolo kupoupou

Wrasses Habitat and Microhabitat

Wrasses Solitary vs Schooling - depending on the species: a. forage individually b. forage in pairs c. forage in large schools d. live in Harem with one superior male.

Wrasses and Parrotfish Reproductive Biology Sexually Dimorphic -Orgies -Polygamy -Pelagic Spawning -Lay eggs

Wrasses Diet and specializations for feeding Primarily Carnivors -Hard shell invertebrates -Plankton Cleaner: Have specific cleaning process for clients.

Wrasses feeding -The use of tools has been seen in three genera of wrasses.

Wrasses Defensive morphology

Wrasses Movement - "Pectoral fins only" propulsion

Johnson Primary Lit • Herbivory versus corallivory: are parrotfish good or bad for Caribbean coral reefs? • spot biting vs. focused biting

Johnson cont. Pros: -consumption of algae -decrease competitive interactions b/w corals Cons: -process Conclusions -net positive -coral diseases -size of colony=increase in bite scars -M. annularis and M. faveolata= favorite -Diplora strigosa & A. agaricites=least

King a. juvenile Labroides dimidiatus b. Plagiotremus rhinorhynchos. ARTICLE TITLE: Cleaner Wrasse Mimics Inflict Higher Costs on their Models when they are more Aggressive Towards Signal Receivers. http: //rsbl. royalsocietypublishing. org/content /8/1/10. full. pdf

Joslyn Primary Lit Aggressive Behavior Demonstrated by the Bolbometopon muricatum

Video

Works Cited Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia. 2 nd edition. 5. Canada: Gale Group, 2003. 293 -298. Print. Jonna, R. 2003. "Labridae" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed March 17, 2013 at http: //animaldiversity. ummz. umich. edu/accounts/Labridae/ "Parrotfish. " Animals. N. p. , n. d. Web. 7 Mar 2013. <http: //www. seaworld. org/animalinfo/animalbytes/animalia/eumetazoa/coelomates/deuterostomes/chordata/craniata/osteichthyes/perciformes /parrotfish. htm>.