WP 11 electron and proton beam testing ARIES

WP 11: electron and proton beam testing ARIES annual meeting @ home, 22 April 2020 J. Schwindling / CEA Paris - Saclay Thanks to R. Ruprecht (KIT), F. Burkart (DESY), A. Gleeson (STFC) 1 ARIES is co-funded by the European Commission Grant Agreement number 73087

Facilities in WP 11 WP Facility Part (Foreseen) characteristics 11. 1 KARA e 0. 5 or 1. 3 or 2. 5 Ge. V, up to 200 m. A, 50 ps down to few ps bunch lengths 11. 2 FLUTE e 5 or 41 Me. V, 300 fs few fs, < 10 Hz 11. 3 IPHI p 3 Me. V, peak current ~ 60 m. A, 5% dc 11. 4 SINBAD e 50 - 150 Me. V, few fs, < 50 Hz 11. 5 VELA e 6 Me. V 40 Me. V, 10 100 Hz All facilities now running WP 11: electron and proton beam testing 2

Research activities at KARA (a few examples) New fiber-based reference clock distribution system installed, testing has started Synchronous measurements: KIT development FCC-hh vacuum chamber tests KALYPSO sensor: horizontal bunch size KAPTURE with Schottky diode for CSR B. Kehrer et al. IPAC 2019: WEPGW 016 Gonzalez et al. IPAC 18: MOZGBE 5 RF phase modulation: bunch length↑► life time↑ KArlsruhe Research Accelerator WP 11: electron and proton beam testing Mochihashi et al. IPAC 2019: WEPTS 01 3

5 ARIES-TNA-Experiments @ KARA • 3 TNA finished + 1 TNA ongoing + 1 TNA in review process and in progress • Non-linear beam dynamics studies of the clic damping wiggler prototype 4 publications by Panagiotis Zisopoulos et al. (Uni Uppsala, CERN) based on three experiment campaigns 2017 and 2018, (TNA: ARIES-KIT-ANKA-2018 -01 (2017) to ARIES-KIT-ANKA-2018 -03): finished • Based on simulations by KIT within the ARIES-WP 7. 4 on low- and negative alpha compaction factor Partners of WP 7, SOLEIL and OXFORD, (ARIES-KIT-ANKA-2018 -04): under progress PSI joined with 1 user + 4 remote users (2019 -11 -14) 1 publications by Patrick Schreiber et al. (KIT and SOLEIL) • Further Experiments for the future vacuum chamber of FCC in progress and planned by the collaboration partner CERN within TNA of ARIES-KIT-ANKA-2020 -05 (draft): under progress • Further proposals for TNA are under discussion with CERN, PSI, Lille University and others. WP 11: electron and proton beam testing 4

ARIES WP 7 uses storage ring KARA TNA together with WP 7 ongoing at the KArlsruhe Research Accelerator Injection orbit Beam dynamics studies in low and negative momentum compaction factor regime in an electron storage ring (intermediate): ✓ Injection into negative alpha optics at 500 Me. V (up to 22 m. A) ✓ Operation with different tunes, chromaticity and alpha ✓ Measured injection orbit at low and negative alpha condition ✓ Bunch length measurements with streak camera Streak camera measurement P. Schreiber et al. , IPAC 2019: MOPTS 017 and MCBI 2019 Outlook: further beam characterization, study collective effects, etc. WP 11: electron and proton beam testing 5

FLUTE at KIT: first THz measured by Schottky diode • • • FLUTE electron bunches up to 7 Me. V, 200 p. C detected by BPMs, ICT, screen, Faraday cup Higher e-beam stability with LLRF (coop. DESY) and laser feedback on cathode ARIES-KIT-FLUTE-2018 -01 and ARIES-KIT-FLUTE-2018 -02 in progress (see next slide) Top view FLUTE hall 15 Meter Gun Klystron Linac Chicane Laser beam Laser lab THz lab WP 11: electron and proton beam testing 6

2 ARIES-TNA-Experiments fs laser Li. Nb. O n 3´n 3 20 µm THz pulse UV pulse electric streak field in SRR gap <2 ps • Status of Split Ring Resonator (SRR) experiment • • PSI chamber installed, SRR microstructure of Uni Bern installed Laser-based THz generation demonstrated Tuning of FLUTE electron beams for SRR experiments Optics for electron and THz generation (intrinsically synchronized) being set up International collaboration with the University of Bern and PSI J. Fabiańska et. al. , Sci. Rep. 4, 5645 (2014) M. Yan et. al. , IPAC’ 16, TUPG 56 (2016) V. Schlott et al, IBIC 2017, TUPCC 16 (2017) M. Yan et al, IPAC 2018, WEPAL 029 (2018). M. J. Nasse et al. , IPAC 2019, MOPTS 018 (2019) 3 rd experiment under discussion WP 11: electron and proton beam testing THz Electrons Photo inside the PSI vacuum chamber: assembled the SRR at FLUTE 7

IPHI at CEA Saclay • • Since one year, the accelerator has been running smoothly at a few k. W for more than 250 hours Most time devoted to tests of thermal neutron production using Beryllium targets in view of the French compact neutron source project SONATE Experimental setup Work financed by a grant from the Ile – de – France region WP 11: electron and proton beam testing Beryllium target + cooling inside ½ moderator + shielding 8

Neutron tests results • • • Two targets were tested during ~ 100 hours each at ~ 3 k. W Hydrogen blisters occur at an early stage but than stable Neutron production stable, flux compared to Geant 4 simulations Target after dismounting Target evolution during 100 hours Neutron flux as a function of time WP 11: electron and proton beam testing 9

Plans for coming year • • After Covid – 19, beam commissioning up to 30 – 50 k. W A new version of the Beryllium target will be installed and tested in Summer 2020. Further neutron tests in Winter 2020 - 2021 Access within ARIES could be possible during these tests: • Neutron measurement devices • Electronics under neutrons Upgrade of the accelerator (LLRF, proton source) starting in Spring 2021 no more beam for TNA 50 k. W target to be tested in Summer 2020 10

SINBAD at DESY, Hamburg Experimental Area 1 Gun 0 • • • TWS 1 2. 5 Xband TDS Bunch compressor TWS 2 12 23. 5 [m] 31 Accelerating structure Solenoid Dipole / Quadrupole / Matching Electrons 39. 0 Gun Area installed and beam commissioned – first electron 31 th of October 2019 2 Traveling wave structures installed and RF conditioned – ready for beam commissioning Experimental Area installed – ready for beam commissioning WP 11: electron and proton beam testing 11

SINBAD: status Gun Diagnostic Area 2 nd TWS Beam on the first screen in the ARES gun section. WP 11: electron and proton beam testing Matching area and spectrometer Beam mean momentum measurement vs. RF phase. 12

SINBAD: first experiment • • Experimental area installed beginning of March • • • Triplet Magnets, Correctors Beam Instrumentation (Screens, Fibers, Cameras) Experimental Chamber with UHV compatible Hexapod 2 micron Laser Microbunching Hardware Installation foreseeen in 2021. First users: ACHIP collaboration Hexapod , beam instrumentation and ACHIP structures WP 11: electron and proton beam testing Experimental Area at ARES 13

SINBAD: future • Upgrades / beam commissioning will continue after COVID – 19 • Gun upgrade Matching area and spectrometer installed - ready for beam commissioning Magnetic Bunch Compressor and Xband Transverse Deflecting Structure in final design phase, installation foreseen end of 2020 • Beam commissioning of the full linac and demonstration of short pulses in 2021 However SINBAD ready for first users ! Contact florian. burkart@desy. de • • • WP 11: electron and proton beam testing 14

VELA: status • Two TNA experiments delivered on VELA in early-2019 (10 days / 80 units) • Follow-on beam exploitation originally scheduled for late-2019, early-2020 • Setbacks: • Delay to summer shutdown restart • Extended RF conditioning • Replacement of klystron • COVID-19 WP 11: electron and proton beam testing 15

VELA: future • Three approaches already for future TNA, expected to total over 20 days/ 160 units: • Plasma afterglow metrology (DESY) • Dielectric wakefield accelerator structures (MAX IV) • Hybrid pixel detector for electron diffraction (PSI) • VELA machine schedule unknown at the present time (machine restart, recommissioning, and re-scheduling of long shutdown): TNA possibly Q 1 2021? • Will request programme extension in order to better fulfil the TNA allocation WP 11: electron and proton beam testing 16

Conclusions • All 5 facilities can now propose beam time (electrons and neutrons) • Very nice experiments were performed and / or are foreseen in the coming year • Most facilities welcome an extension of the programme to accommodate new users and fulfil the TNA allocation WP 11: electron and proton beam testing 17