Worms Whats Eating You for Dinner http curezone

Worms What’s Eating You for Dinner ? http: //curezone. com/image_gallery/parasites/all/default. asp? i=1&n=75

FLATWORMS PYLUM: Platyhelminthes FREE LIVING Planaria PARASITIC Flukes & Tapeworms FLATWORMS ARE ACOELOMATES

PLANARIA NOT PARASITES

GASTROVASCULAR CAVITY (Combination Digestive & circulatory) • One opening digestive cavity http: //www. lima. ohio-state. edu/biology/biodiv/animal/planarlp. jpg

FLAME CELLS • Collect excess water and nitrogen waste • Excreted through pores in skin Moving cilia look like little “flames”

REPRODUCTION SEXUAL(hermaphrodites but trade with partner) ASEXUALcan use regeneration to grow a new organism from parts

PARASITIC WORMS Animal host where ADULT feeds and reproduces = PRIMARY HOST Animal host where LARVAL form lives and feeds = INTERMEDIATE HOST

HUMAN BLOOD FLUKE Schistosoma Adult worms mature & reproduce in blood vessels; eggs travel to intestines or bladder Immature worm burrows through skin into blood vessels Eggs leave body in urine or feces Larvae grow tails and leave snail Larva hatches from egg & infects snail (intermediate host)

PARASITIC FLATWORM Schistosoma NOT IN USA but infects over 250 million people worldwide Worms can block blood vessels to organs causing irritation, bleeding, tissue decay SCHISTOSOMIASIS = _________ http: //www. coc. org/focus/food/pics/rice_paddy. jpg

TAPEWORMS Dog tapeworm PARASITIC FLATWORM (lives in HOST animal intestines)

Attaches with SCOLEX Head with suckers and hooks to help hold on inside host

TAPEWORM NO DIGESTIVE SYSTEM -absorbs nutrients through skin TEGUMENT protects them from host digestive enzymes and immune system

TAPEWORMS PROGLOTTIDS hermaphroditic reproductive structures (contain both male & female sex organs) EGGS INSIDE

http: //curezone. com/image_gallery/parasites/all/default. asp? i=65&n=75 TAPEWORMS Can grow up to 30 ft (2000 proglottids) Add new proglottids behind scolex Mature ones drop off at tail end and leave body in feces

EX: BEEF TAPEWORM Humans eat undercooked meat containing cysts Adults attach inside intestines and absorb digested food Proglottids burst releasing eggs with larvae inside on ground Cows eat grass; larvae travel through blood vessels; make cysts in muscle Proglottids are released in feces http: //net. unl. edu/wonderwise/12 parasi/a-para. htm

ROUND WORMS Nematoda Ascaris Trichinella Hookworms Pinworms Filarial worms http: //curezone. com/image_gallery/parasites/all/default. asp? i=1&n=75 ROUND WORMS ARE PSEUDOCOELOMATES

PARASITIC ROUND WORM Ascaris Lives in intestines Feed on passing food Females can grow up to 1 ft long & produce 200, 000 eggs/day http: //www. biosci. ohio-state. edu/~parasite/images. html

Larvae are coughed up & swallowed; Return to intestines, mature, & mate ASCARIS LIFE CYCLE Eggs leave body in feces and enter new host in contaminated food/water Develop into larvae and burrow through wall into blood vessels http: //www. extension. iastate. edu/polk/health/carbon/fact 3. htm http: //www. biosci. ohio-state. edu/~parasite/lifecycles/trichinella_lifecycle. html

http: //curezone. com/image_gallery/parasites/all/default. asp? i=0&n=75 Most common worm infection world wide Mostly in children Estimated 25% of world’s population is infected with Ascaris

PARASITIC ROUND WORMS Trichinella Humans infected by eating undercooked meat containing cysts Cysts release larvae that burrow into intestinal wall & mature Larvae forms cysts in muscle Adults release larvae that travel through bloodstream to muscles http: //jeggeri. pri. ee/Kontuur/Loomad/pig. gif http: //www. biosci. ohio-state. edu/~parasite/lifecycles/trichinella_lifecycle. html

PARASITIC ROUND WORMS Trichinella – Larvae leave intestine and travel through blood vessels to muscle where they make cysts Muscle pain & stiffness can be fatal if cysts form in heart TRICHINOSIS= ____________

TRICHINOSIS Less than 100 cases/year in USA from PORK Most from eating wild game Curing (salting), drying, smoking, or microwaving meat does not consistently kill infective worms.

FILARIAL ROUND WORMS are transmitted by insects

FILARIAL ROUND WORMS Elephantiasis Adult worms live in lymph nodes causing blockage so fluid back ups http: //www 2. niaid. nih. gov/NR/rdonlyres/32 FF 6 DCF-75 CF-42 D 0 -BCAE-297 EFDE 27 CF 1/0/elephantiasis. jpg

ELEPHANTIASIS Common in tropical countries Adult worms can grow to 4” long

ELEPHANTIASIS

Mosquito picks up larvae from blood when it feeds Adult worms live and reproduce in lymph vessels Larvae develop into juveniles inside mosquito Mosquito injects juveniles which migrate to lymph nodes and mature http: //www. acm. uiuc. edu/sigbio/project/updated-lymphatic/lymph 3. html

FILARIAL ROUND WORMS DOG HEARTWORM Carried by mosquitoes http: //curezone. com/image_gallery/parasites/all/default. asp? i=66&n=75

FILARIAL ROUND WORMS Loa loa Found in AFRICA http: //www. biosci. ohio-state. edu/~parasite/loa. html

Loa worm • Humans are infected with larvae when bitten by loa fly • Larvae mature & crawl around under skin (especially near face) • Adults mate and produce larvae which can be picked up by another fly and transmitted to another person http: //maven. smith. edu/~sawlab/fgn/pnb/loaloa. html

PARASITIC ROUND WORMS Guinea worm http: //curezone. com/image_gallery/parasites/all/default. asp? i=5&n=75 Found in AFRICA http: //curezone. com/image_gallery/parasites/all/default. asp? i=6&n=75

PARASITIC ROUND WORM http: //curezone. com/image_gallery/parasites/all/default. asp? i=5&n=75 Guinea worm Female bodies under skin fill with eggs and break open; larvae form blisters Blisters pop and larvae are released in water Larvae eaten by small crustaceans Humans infected by drinking water Larvae mature and adult worms migrate to skin http: //curezone. com/image_gallery/parasites/all/default. asp? i=6&n=75

PARASITIC ROUND WORMS Hookworms http: //curezone. com/image_gallery/parasites/all/default. asp? i=1&n=75 http: //www. biosci. ohio-state. edu/~parasite/placoconus. html Live in intestine; feed on BLOOD Ancylostoma

HOOKWORM LIFE CYCLE Larvae are coughed up & swallowed; Larvae enter body by burrowing through skin on feet & travel to lungs Return to intestines; mature & mate Adult worms live in intestine and feed on blood Eggs leave body in feces and hatch as larvae in soil http: //www. extension. iastate. edu/polk/health/carbon/fact 3. htm http: //www. retiredgreyhounds. co. uk/page 12. htm http: //www. barefooters. org/1995 -spring/gifs/mtn_pjl_feet. jpg

Hookworms in Humans • PROBLEMS caused by migrating larvae • Cause intense reaction in skin at site • Infect 40 million people worldwide

Parasitic ROUND WORMS Pinworms • Most common parasitic infection in United States • 1/5 children are infected • Worldwide 500 million people are infected with pinworms Grow up to ½ inch long http: //curezone. com/image_gallery/parasites/all/default. asp? i=16&n=75

Parasitic ROUND WORMS Pinworms • Worms live in intestine • Females crawl out through anus at night and lay 15, 000/day eggs on skin • Intense itching causes host to scratch • Eggs under fingernails and on hands are spread back to self or to others when objects/food are touched

SEGMENTED WORMS Annelida FREE LIVING Earthworms PARASITIC Leeches SEGMENTED WORMS ARE EUCOELOMATES

LEECHES Medical uses