Worms Annelid Worms Annelid Worms Little Rings Annelids

Worms

Annelid Worms �Annelid Worms = “Little Rings” �Annelids are worms with segmented bodies divided by internal structures called septa. �Examples: earthworms, leeches, and polychaetes

Characteristics of Annelids �Long cylindrical bodies mad up of similar segments �NO appendages (limbs) �NO backbone �Move by contracting muscles through their bodies

STERN GRR of ANNELID WORM �Synthesis: ◦ Can do protein synthesis and build organic molecules �Transport: ◦ Have a CLOSED circulatory system, which means the blood is contained in the network of blood vessels and circulates. They even have a muscle that pumps blood similar to a heart

�Excretion: ◦ Gets rid of waste using an anus. They defecate clumps called castings, which are high in bacteria and carbon content. Cellular wastes is eliminated by the nephridia (neefrid-ee-uh) which filters wastes similar to a kidney. �Respiration: ◦ Annelids breathe through gills or their skin. They take in O 2 and give off CO 2 �Nutrition: ◦ Are heterotrophs that feed on organic matter. Many are decomposers (organism that break down organic matter)

�Growth: ◦ Starts off life as an egg and grow into an adult using mitosis. �Reproduction: ◦ Reproduce sexually and asexually. Earthworms are hermaphrodites, which means they have BOTH male and female reproductive organs. They use external fertilization to exchange sperm which they store until eggs are ready to fertilize. Earthworms lay their eggs in a cocoon.

�Regulation: ◦ Communicate using HORMONES ◦ A well developed nervous system consisting of a brain and several nerve cords. ◦ Some annelids have eyes and sensory detectors.

Here what it looks like…

Insects

�Arthrodopds = organisms with segmented body, tough exoskeleton, and jointed appendages (limbs) �Body is divided into 3 parts: head, thorax, and abdomen �They have 2 antennae �They have 3 pairs of legs �They have two sets of wings

Take a look!

Life Processes of Insects… �Synthesis: ◦ Can do protein synthesis and builds organic molecules �Transport: ◦ Have OPEN circulatory system, which means they have no veins or arteries to move blood around �Excretion: ◦ Gets rid of waste using a digestive system (hindgut) and anus

�Respiration: ◦ Insects DO NOT have LUNGS; instead they use spiracles, or openings on the side of the abdomen. ◦ The O 2 taken in goes directly to the insects cells. The CO 2 leaves the same way. �Nutrition: ◦ Heterotrophs that feed on a variety of foods, including nectar, blood, other organisms, and plants �Growth: ◦ Insect development is unique. An insect develops from an egg into an adult through a process known as metamorphosis, which means a change in shape and form.

�Reproduction: ◦ Reproduce sexually using external fertilization. Insects produce eggs, which are laid and hatch out. Then develop using metamorphosis. �Regulation: ◦ Communication using hormones ◦ Insects perform regulation using antennae, which detects sensory inputs as well as chemical receptors, and even ears.

TWO types of Metamorphosis

1. Incomplete Metamorphosis �Has 3 stages called egg, nymph, and adult. ◦ The eggs hatch into nymph, which grows via mitosis and becomes an adult. ◦ This is used by grasshoppers, dragonflies, and cockroaches.

2. Complete Metamorphosis � Has 4 stages called egg, larva, pupa, and adult. ◦ An egg hatches into a larva that resembles a worm ◦ The larva then becomes a pupa which does not eat or move but undergoes changes until it emerges as an adult ◦ Butterflies, bees, and beetles use complete metamorphosis