Worm Review Earthworms belong to the KINGDOM Animalia

Worm Review

Earthworms belong to the KINGDOM ________ Animalia Annelida PHYLUM ________ Oligochaeta CLASS __________ Earthworms breathe with lungs gills nephridia skin They breathe through their skin

Earthworms and leeches are _____ segmented worms. Flat Round Segmented Tell the two adaptations earthworms have to help them absorb nutrients from the soil they eat. Really LONG intestine AND Typhlosole

MATCH THE EARTHWORM BODY PART WITH ITS FUNCTION Provide traction in crawling Setae _____________ Act as heart to pump blood Aortic arches __________ Cerebral ganglia _________ Act as brain Store sperm made Seminal vesicles _________ by this worm Store sperm received Seminal receptacles________ from other worms

Which type of protective covering is made of thickened fused CELLS? Tegument cuticle tegument closed Earthworms have a(n) _____ circulatory system. open closed

An earthworm stores the sperm it makes in seminal _____. vesicles receptacles vesicles Digestive organ in an earthworm that stores food waiting to be digested. crop

Type of coelom seen in ALL flatworms they are acoelomates What part of an earthworm helps with traction as it crawls? Setae – bristles on ventral surface

Earthworms are ________ eucoelomates acoelomates pseudocoelomates eucoelomates The thin membranes that separate the earthworm’s coelom into compartments are called ________ Septa (sing. Septum)

The PRIMARY host for the humans beef tapeworm is _______. cows pigs humans snails The digestive part that sucks in the food and moves it down into the digestive system is the ________. pharynx

MATCH THE EARTHWORM BODY PART WITH ITS FUNCTION Stores food waiting to be digested Crop _____________ Increases surface area to absorb Typhlosole ____________ more nutrients Grinds and mashes up food Gizzard __________ Nephridia _________ Excretes nitrogen waste Makes mucous for reproduction Clitellum __________

Name 4 characteristics of ALL worms Invertebrates Protostomes Elongated bodies Bilateral symmetry Cephalization Cerebal ganglia "brain" No respiratory organs (breathe through skin)

pseudocoelomates Round worms are all _______ acoelomates pseudocoelomates eucoelomates The structure on an earthworm that secretes mucous for reproduction is clitellum the _______

The concentration of nervous and sensory organs in the anterior end of an animal is called ________ cephalization Tube that connects the pharynx and the crop in an earthworm. esophagus

MATCH THE WORM WITH THE WAY IT IS TRANSMITTED TO HUMANS Blood fluke Burrow through skin Schistosoma ___________ Intestinal round worm contaminated food or water Ascaris _____________ Beef Tapeworm __________ Eating undercooked meat containing cysts Pork roundworm Trichinella __________ Eating undercooked meat containing cysts

An earthworm stores sperm it receives from other worms in its receptacles seminal _________. The excretory organ in an earthworm is its __________ nephridia

Where would you find setae in an earthworm? Ventral surface What structures act as a heart in an earthworm to pump blood? Aortic arches

anterior The ______end of the earthworm is closest to the clitellum. anterior posterior Respiratory organ found in earthworms. Trick question… they don’t have any respiratory organs; they absorb oxygen through their skin.

An organism that has both male and female reproductive structures is called a hermaphrodite ________ Protective layer that covers the body of an earthworm and tapeworm which is NOT made of cells tegument cuticle

The excretory organs in flatworms are the _________ Flame cells In Latin the name Annelida means “little rings” ________. slender body few bristles crawling tube little rings

The male genital pores are openings to the _________ seminal vesicles Flame cells and nephridia are ______ organs. excretory Reproductive nervous digestive excretory circulatory skeletal

Name parts of the digestive system of an earthworm starting at the anterior end and moving through the digestive system. Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, crop, gizzard, intestine, anus The flap of tissue that hangs over an earthworm’s mouth and senses light/touch is the prostomium _________

These organisms are ______ worms. flat Flat round segmented

True or False TRUE Planaria have just one opening for their digestive system. Fertilization in an earthworm happens ______ of their bodies. outside Inside outside

The ability of an animal to regrow lost body parts is called regeneration __________ Muscular digestive organ where food is ground up in an earthworm. gizzard

Earthworms have a________ cuticle to help them hold in moisture. tegument cuticle PHYLUM that includes the flatworms Platyhelminthes

Match the type of worm with the kind of coelom it has acoelomates pseudocoelomates eucoelomates acoelomates FLATWORMS __________ pseudocoelomates ROUND WORMS __________ eucoelomates SEGMENTED WORMS ________

The animal in which an adult parasite lives and reproduces is the primary host. _______ primary secondary intermediate Filarial worms like the ones that cause elephantiasis and dog heartworm are carried by _______. insects

The intermediate host that carries beef tapeworm is a cow ________ Hookworms, round worms, pinworms, and filarial worms are all _____ worms. round Flat round segmented

The anterior end of a tapeworm containing hooks and suckers to help it hold on inside the host is the ___________ scolex Give an example of a worm with a cuticle Earthworms OR Round worms

How is the digestive system of round worms different from that of flatworms? Roundworms have a complete digestive system with 2 openings (mouth & anus) Flatworms Planaria & Flukes: have a gastrovascular cavity with only 1 opening (only mouth/NO ANUS) Tapeworms: have NO digestive system

The hermaphroditic reproductive segments released by tapeworms are called _______ proglottids Humans are infected with beef tapeworms when they * drink contaminated water get bitten by a mosquito carrying the larvae eat under cooked meat walk with bare feet and larvae burrow into their skin

MATCH THE WORM WITH THE WAY IT IS TRANSMITTED TO HUMANS Bitten by insect Filarial worms __________ carrying larvae Burrow through skin in feet Hookworms___________ Round worm Eating undercooked meat Trichinella __________ containing cysts

The primary host for beef tapeworm is a _______ human An organism that has both male and female reproductive organs is hermaphrodite called a _________

Ascaris eggs enter the body of a human when the * host ingests contaminated water or food host is bitten by a mosquito carrying the larvae burrow through the skin eating undercooked meat containing cysts Round worms belong to the Nematoda PHYLUM _______

TELL WHICH BODY SYSTEM EACH PART BELONGS TO digestive Crop _____________ nervous Cerebral ganglia _________ circulatory Aortic arches__________ excretory Nephridia _________ Clitellum __________ reproductive digestive Intestine __________

How is a TEGUMENT different from a CUTICLE? Both are protective layers on outsides of worms but … A tegument is made of fused CELLS. A cuticle is a NON-CELLULAR coating

GIVE THE PHYLUM FOR EACH TYPE OF WORM Platyhelminthes FLATWORMS ________ Nematoda ROUNDWORMS _______ SEGMENTED WORMS Annelida _______

Name 3 characteristics of ALL FLATWORMS In addition to worm characteristics Flatworms: Are Platyhelminthes Are ACOELOMATES Have FLAME CELLS to remove nitrogen waste/water Have OPEN circulation Most are HERMAPHRODITES

Name 3 characteristics of ALL ROUND WORMS In addition to worm characteristics Round worms: Nematoda PSEUDOCOELOMATES Have a 2 opening digestive system Have SEPARATE SEXES (male & female worms)

Name 3 characteristics of ALL SEGMENTED WORMS In addition to worm characteristics Segmented worms: Annelida Are EUCOELOMATES Have a 2 opening digestive system Have NEPHRIDIA to remove nitrogen waste/water Have CLOSED circulation Are HERMAPHRODITES

Type of symmetry seen in worms bilateral receptacles In earthworms seminal _______ store sperm received from other worms during sexual reproduction.

How do tapeworms obtain nutrients without a mouth or digestive system? Absorb through their tegument (Covering on skin) Invertebrates Worms are ________ (no backbone) invertebrates

MATCH THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM WITH THE WORM Gastrovascular cavity/1 opening Planaria _____________ No digestive system Tapeworms ____________ Complex/2 openings Earthworms ____________ Complex/2 openings Round worms ___________ Flukes ______________ Gastrovascular cavity/1 opening

protostomes Worms are _______ protostomes deuterostomes Planaria, flukes, and tapeworms are ______ worms. flat round segmented

MATCH THE WAY HUMANS ARE INFECTED WITH THE WORM Eating contaminated food or water _____ Ascaris Eating undercooked meat with cysts Beef tapeworm or_________ Pork Round worm _______ (Trichinella) Burrow through skin __________________ Blood Fluke (Schistosoma) Hookworms Insect bites Filarial worms (Elephantiasis, dog heartworm) __________

Type of digestive system seen in Flukes and Planaria Gastrovascular cavity with 1 opening flame cells Flatworms have ______ to excrete nitrogen waste and remove excess water

Give an example of a worm with a tegument Tapeworms or Flukes The function of the tegument is to ______________ Protect worm from host’s digestive enzymes and immune system

Earthworms and leeches are________ worms. segmented flat round segmented Type of worm you would expect to have a scolex Tapeworm

The hermaphroditic reproductive structures seen in tapeworms are proglottids called ________ Where would you find a typhlosole in an earthworm? Inside intestine

Which kind of worm lives inside your intestine and crawls out at night to glue eggs to your skin? pinworms Name a kind of worm with a one opening gastrovascular cavity Planaria OR flukes

TELL WHAT KIND OF REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM EACH WORM HAS hermaphrodite 2 sexes Hermaphrodites Flatworms. Most ____________ (exception: few flukes like blood fluke) 2 sexes Round worms ___________ hermaphrodites Segmented worms __________

The gastrovascular cavity in Planaria and Flukes shares the functions of which 2 different body systems? Gastro = digestive vascular = circulatory Where would you find a ADULT beef tapeworm living? Inside human intestine

KEEP IT STRAIGHT: Compare Digestive and Nitrogen waste DIGESTIVE WASTE NITROGEN WASTE Made where? In digestive tract By body cells Comes from? Left over from undigested food Removed by what body system? Leaves body as? Digestive Feces breakdown of proteins during metabolism Excretory ammonia, urea, OR uric acid

Earthworms and leeches are________ worms. segmented flat round segmented Type of worm you would expect to have a scolex Tapeworm

MATCH THE DISEASE with the worm that causes it Blood fluke: Schistosoma Schistosomiasis __________ Round worm: Trichinella Trichinosis ____________ Elephantiasis __________ Filarial round worm Round worm Ascaris _________ Round worm Pinworms __________

MATCH THE FUNCTION with the BODY PART Helps tapeworms attach to host _____ scolex Increases surface area in intestine to Typhlosole absorb more nutrients _______ Makes mucous for earthworm sex ______ clitellum Excretes nitrogen waste in earthworms nephridia _________

MATCH THE FUNCTION with the BODY PART Covers and protects earthworm’s mouth and senses light and vibration/touch ______ prostomium Excrete nitrogen waste in flatworms_______ Flame cells Excretes nitrogen waste in earthworms _________ nephridia

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