WORM DISSECTION NAMING Kingdom ANIMALIA Phylum Annelida little

WORM DISSECTION

NAMING Kingdom: ANIMALIA Phylum: Annelida “little rings” Class: OLIGOCHAETA “few bristles” (=SETA pl: SETAE)

SETA (plural: setae) BRISTLES on VENTRAL surface http: //www. pgjr. alpine. k 12. ut. us/science/whitaker/Animal_Kingdom/Earthworm. html

SETAE- Provide traction http: //www. dof. virginia. gov/images/anim-worm-crawl. gif

Segmentation Compartments allow individual parts to move independently http: //sps. k 12. ar. us/massengale/earthworm_dissection. htm BIODIDAC Damage insurance If one section is damaged, others can still function

WHICH END IS WHICH? CLITELLUM = ring • Doesn’t go all the way around • Closest to anterior end • Makes mucous for reproduction

2 opening digestive system MOUTH Prostomium ANUS covers/protects mouth opening senses light and dark/chemicals (food) Images from: http: //www. pgjr. alpine. k 12. ut. us/science/whitaker/Animal_Kingdom/Earthworm. html

EXTERNAL STRUCTURES PROSTOMIUM

EXTERNAL STRUCTURES http: //biog-101 -104. bio. cornell. edu/Bio. G 101 -104/tutorials/animals/earthworm. html DORSAL BLOOD VESSEL CAMOUFLAGE

CUTICLE (non-cellular protective layer) http: //www. flushing. k 12. mi. us/srhigh/tippettl/biology/lum/cuticle. html

EXTERNAL STRUCTURES http: //sps. k 12. ar. us/massengale/earthworm_dissection. htm HERMAPHRODITE have both male and female sex organs

EXTERNAL STRUCTURES

SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

SEXUAL REPRODUCTION EXTERNAL FERTILIZATION

DIRECT DEVELOPMENT Images from: http: //www. urbanext. uiuc. edu/worms/anatomy 5. html

LOOK INSIDE

COELOM = space around organs http: //www. flushing. k 12. mi. us/srhigh/tippettl/biology/lum/vessel. html

INTERNAL STRUCTURES http: //www. biologie. uni-hamburg. de/b-online/library/onlinebio/annelidbodyxs. gif EUCOELOMATES “true” coelom

SEPTUM (pl. SEPTA) Dividing walls separate coelom into compartments Fluid in coelom provides support = HYDROSKELETON

INTERNAL STRUCTURES http: //www. pleasanton. k 12. ca. us/avhsweb/thiel/apbio/review/excretory. html NEPHRIDIUM EXCRETORY TUBULES pl. NEPHRIDIA

INTERNAL STRUCTURES

INTERNAL STRUCTURES SEMINAL VESICLES STORE SPERM TO GIVE AWAY

INTERNAL STRUCTURES http: //biog-101 -104. bio. cornell. edu/Bio. G 101 -104/tutorials/animals/earthworm. html SEMINAL RECEPTACLES store sperm received from other worms

CLOSED circulatory system DORSAL BLOOD VESSEL VENTRAL BLOOD VESSEL

AORTIC ARCHES = heart pump blood Image by Riedell/Vanderwal © 2005 Image by Riedell/Vanderwal

Image from: http: //www. urbanext. uiuc. edu/worms/anatomy 6. html

INTERNAL STRUCTURES http: //sps. k 12. ar. us/massengale/earthworm_dissection. htm

INTERNAL STRUCTURES CROP-stores food waiting to be digested GIZZARD- grind and mash food

INTESTINE absorbs nutrients ADAPTATIONS for eating “SOIL” REALLY LONG so food spends long time passing through TYPHLOSOLE- increases surface area for more absorption

It increases surface area so more nutrients are absorbed http: //www. uleth. ca/bio 1020/images/worm 2. jpg TYPHLOSOLE Ridge inside intestine

SEGMENTED WORMS Earthworms play an important role in soil fertility Return nutrients to soil by decomposing dead leaves and organic matter “intestines of the earth” -Aristotle Burrowing allows air and water to penetrate to roots Tunnels loosen soil so roots can grow more easily

VENTRAL NERVE CORD VENTRAL BLOOD VESSEL http: //biog-101 -104. bio. cornell. edu/Bio. G 101_104/tutorials/animals/earthworm. html Underneath digestive system

CEREBRAL GANGLIA=“brain” http: //biog-101 -104. bio. cornell. edu/Bio. G 101 -104/tutorials/animals/earthworm. html

INTERNAL STRUCTURES Image from: http: //faculty. clintoncc. suny. edu/faculty/Michael. Gregory/files/Bio%20102%20 lectures/Animal%20 Diversity/Protostomes/mollusks. htm#Chelicerates%20(subphylum%20 Chelicerata

Image from: http: //www. urbanext. uiuc. edu/worms/anatomy 8. html