World War II Technology Radar Sonar Cracking the

World War II Technology • Radar • Sonar • Cracking the Code – German Enigma – Japanese code broken by cipher machine in 1942 • penicillin • Weapons – Air craft carriers – Jet fighters – Manhattan Project Aim: How should the Allies rebuild the world after WW 2?

Manhattan Project • Development of atomic bomb • Plan was started even before US entered the war • Theory by Einstein, wrote to FDR saying splitting the atom would create a huge energy explosion • US gov’t spent $2 billion on project, 200, 000 people, 120, 000 in NM (30 other sites) • Alamogordo New Mexico- Oppenheimer Aim: How should the Allies rebuild the world • Trinity after WW 2? – “Fat Boy” tested on July 16 th 1945 – “Little Boy” dropped on Hiroshima Aug. 6 th 1945 -Tibbets, “Enola Gay” • 70, 000 died instantly, thousands more later!!! – “Fat Man” dropped on Nagasaki Aug. 9 th • 40, 000 instantly – Japan surrenders- VJ Day August 15 th

Aim: How should the Allies rebuild the world after WW 2?

Truman’s Decision • Did Truman make the right decision in dropping the atom bomb on Japan? Why/ Why not? With a partner, come up with at least 3 reasons for each, then make the 3 final decision!! • Positives • • • Quicker end to the war Saves US lives Revenge for Pearl Harbor We spent all the $$$ making it, might as well use it Send a message to USSR and the rest of the world • Negatives • • Aim: How should the Allies rebuild the world after WW 2? Ushers in atomic age Catastrophic death toll on Japanese public Radiation effects US is only country to ever use an atomic weapon on another country • Makes other countries desperate to acquire technology

Can you pick a tougher time to take over as President? ? ? l Pressures of Truman l l l l Takes over for a dead, extremely popular and powerful 4 term President Relatively unknown Senator from Missouri Failed shoe salesmen Just became FDR’s VP in March of 1945 - never met him Wasn’t kept informed by FDR on most important wartime decisions (wasn’t even told of the atom bomb until after he was sworn in as President) Should he drop it? ? ? How to rebuild the world after the war? ? ? How to deal with Stalin Aim: How should the Allies rebuild the world after WW 2?

Post War Plans l l l Atlantic Charter- August 1941 (very odd conference? ? ) l Post war plans l Self determination l General security l Odd because l US not in war yet l Germany kicking butt at this point l It’s the Atlantic Charter because they had to meet in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean!! Tehran Conference (‘ 43) l US would open French assault Yalta Conference (Feb. ‘ 45) l “unconditional surrender” l USSR would help US in the Pacific after European War is over l USSR gets territory in N. Korea, bases in China l Plan for a United Nations l Free elections for a free Poland, Bulgaria, Romania Potsdam Conference (summer ‘ 45) l Splitting up of Germany l War trials San Francisco Aim: How should the Allies rebuild the world after l Charter for UN WW 2?

Post WWII Rebuilding l How should the US and its Allies deal with the defeated Japan and Germany? ? ? l With a partner, come up with 5 rules for each country and explain why you are forcing them to follow these rules. C. E. A. Aim: How should the Allies rebuild the world after WW 2?

Aim: How should the Allies rebuild the world after WW 2? Post WWII Japan l 7 year military occupation headed by General Mac. Arthur l 1, 000 Japanese, including Prime Minister, put on trial, 7 put to death l Mac. Arthur writes Japanese Constitution l Change from military monarchy to democracy l Japan basically reduced to NO military l Only 1 condition we allowed for the Japanese… l Emperor l Why? Hirohito allowed to stay in power

Rebuilding Germany Nuremberg War Trials l Major Nazi leaders put on trial for Holocaust and war crimes Aim: How should the Allies rebuild the world after WW 2? l 23 countries tried Nazi officials l 12 put to death, 22 life in prison l “crimes against humanity” l This crime wasn’t a crime until after the war? ? HUH? ? ? l Occupation Zones l Germany split into 4 occupation zones l England, France, USSR and US had occupied control zones l Soon after the war, England France gave control of their zones to the US…. Why? l Berlin also split l

Aim: How should the Allies rebuild the world after WW 2?

United Nations l General l All Assembly nations l Security Council l 11 countries on the security council l 5 permanent members- China, USSR, US, England, France Aim: How should the Allies rebuild the world after WW 2?

Summary l Answer the Aim. 2 sentences l Do you agree with the way they did it? Aim: How should the Allies rebuild the world after WW 2?