World War I The War Breaks Out Bell
World War I The War Breaks Out
Bell Ringer • Complete the Vocabulary Self. Awareness sheet. – Include the following terms in your chart: • Armistice, espionage, nationalism, contraband, reparations, convoys, propaganda • Follow the directions at the bottom of the sheet
Objectives • Identify the major causes of unrest in Europe. • Discuss the results of the strategy that was used during the early fighting in the war. • Explain why the war settled in a stalemate.
Discussion • What events are justifiable for a country to go to war?
The Cause of War = The “Ism’s” • Nationalism – Struggle for independence • Imperialism – Fighting for freedom • Militarism – Alliances begin to form
Colonial Empires 1914
The Great War Begins • Franz Ferdinand’s assassination starts war • Allied Powers/Triple Entente – Britain, France, Russia (Italy remains neutral until 1915) • Central Powers/Triple Alliance – Germany, Austria. Hungary, The Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria
Strategy • Germany attempts to win the war with the Schlieffen Plan – Attack France before Britain gets involved – Russia is the main priority • War reaches a stalemate after the Battle of the Marne
World War I Firsts • • • Flame throwers Steel helmets Tanks Fighting aircraft Aircraft carriers Chemical warfare Gas masks Guide dogs Trench warfare No-man’s land • • X-ray machines Blood bank Enlisted women American soldier’s given IQ tests • First presidential trip to Europe • Commonly called “War to End All Wars”
The War Reaches a Stalemate No Man’s Land Trench Warfare
Technology in World War I
World War I The United States Goes to War
Bell Ringer • Complete the Timeline Activity sheet as part of your Bell Ringer for today.
Objectives • Relate the challenges the United States faced while trying to remain neutral. • Identify the events that led to U. S. entry into the war. • Explain how the United States prepared its military for World War I. • Describe the types of experiences Americans had while serving in Europe.
Discussion • Does the United States get overly involved in world affairs? • When is the right time for the United States to intervene and try to help out other countries? • Is it the best move for the United States to get involved in World War I? • What are the benefits/drawbacks of getting involved in a major war?
United States Neutrality • Wilson is supported with neutrality • People become sympathetic with each side • Propaganda increased support • Britain and Germany violate U. S. neutrality
What sends America to War? ? ? • Sinking the Lusitania • The Sussex Pledge • The Zimmerman Note – Wilson prepares America’s military with the National Defense Act – Germany fears U. S. entrance
Quote from President Wilson “My message today was a message of death for our young men. How strange it seems to applaud that. ” Woodrow Wilson April 4, 1917
Mobilizing U. S. Military Power • U. S. passes Selective Service Act as a pledge to Allied war effort – Training troops seemed nearly impossible
Over There • U. S. arrives in France first to help with freedom • Women aid the war as nurses
Assignment • Read over Chapter 9 Section 1 in your textbook and complete the section review on page 327 (2 -7)
World War I The War at Home
Bell Ringer • 10 Question Quiz over materials up to this point.
Objectives • Describe how the U. S. government prepared the nation for war. • Discuss how organized labor and volunteers contributed to the war effort. • Explain why African Americans moved to the North.
Discussion • How can people back home have an indirect influence on the war?
Mobilizing the Nation • Redirect industry through mobilization • President Wilson wants Americans to invest in war with war bonds, taxes • The Food Administration urges Americans to produce more food • The War Industries Board establishes priorities in production
Mobilizing Workers • Unions take advantage of men at war • Women take over traditionally male jobs – Helps in passage of 19 th Amendment – “Victory Gardens” and volunteers support the war effort • Juliette Gordon Low creates Girl Scouts of America
The Great Trek North • Mexicans were lured into America for work • Greatest population shift, 1915 -1930 • Blacks go to the North in hopes to earn more, escape discrimination
Influencing Attitudes • The Committee on Public Information rallies support behind the war • Hatred vs. Americanization – Propaganda to support the war – Encourage teaching English, U. S. history and government
Suppressing Opposition • Pacifists and Socialists express their opposition • The Espionage Act and the Sedition Act are created to silence opposition – Violation of 1 st Amendment? ? ? – Is it okay during a time of war?
Activity part 1 • • • Ace= Raising money for the war King= Food Administration Queen= War Industries Board Jack= Unions 10= Women 9= Volunteering 8= Boy/Girl Scouts of America 7= Great Migration 6= Committee on Public Information 5= Espionage and Sedition Acts
Activity part 2 • You need to create a political cartoon, a banner, a drawing or your own unique way to present how the United States was impacted by World War I. Do not limit your creativity! • You will need to teach 5 students, 2 teachers and one staff member about your assignment. You will need to obtain their signature on the back!
World War I The War’s End and Aftermath
Bell Ringer • Read over the Primary Source Activity – “Holmes on the Espionage Act” and answer the questions on the back of the sheet.
Objectives • List the final events of World War I. • Identify the goals of President Wilson’s Fourteen Points. • Summarize the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. • Discuss the global impact of the war.
The End of the War • Bolsheviks form the USSR and make a bold exit from war • Black soldiers receive great honors from other countries – Cross of War • Morale disintegrates within the Central Powers - mutiny • Armistice signed on Nov. 11 th at 11 A. M.
Wilson’s Fourteen Points • President Wilson develops a program of peace • Fourteen Points – 1 -9 = right of the people to govern selves – Describes causes of war – League of Nations
The Paris Peace Conference • The “Big Four” – All about getting what they want – Treaty of Versailles the final agreement • Reparations – League of Nations not developed until after Wilson Left to Right: David Lloyd George (B), Vittorio Orlando (I), Georges Clemenceau (F), Woodrow Wilson (US)
The Global Impact of the War • European industry in shambles after WWI • Some hoped for independence, forced to live under other rule • The “War to End all Wars”
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