WORLD WAR I 1914 1918 WORLD WAR I

WORLD WAR I 1914 --1918

WORLD WAR I Previous Conditions France and Germany were bitter enemies. Franco-Prussian War. Germany gained control of Alsace and Lorraine. Why was this important?

WORLD WAR I Previous Conditions Great Britain—Why is Britain important geographically? Who do you think they were competing against and Why?

WORLD WAR I Previous Conditions Russia has geopolitical issues as well dating as far back as 1856.

WORLD WAR I LONG TERM CAUSES Nationalism Pan-Slavism, Pan-Germanism Militarism Alliances

WORLD WAR I Nationalism The Balkans were an area of concern for three empires: Turkey, Austria-Hungary and Russia Austria-Hungary annexed Bosnia-Herzegovina in 1908. Serbia resents Austria-Hungary considering there were Serbs in Bosnia-Herzegovina.

WORLD WAR I Pan-Slavism—Pan-Germanism Russia’s right to protect all Slavic people living in Europe Russia Serbia Germany’s protection of all German speaking people in Europe Austria -Hungary Clash between these two enemies Germany

WORLD WAR I Militarism Great Britain—How did geography affect militarism? Naval Race—Germany had one of the most powerful armies but needed to build up its navy. Great Britain viewed this as a challenge. They created the Two-Power Standard— Consequence of Militarism --Fear and Distrust in Europe --Military leaders had influence over civilian leaders

WORLD WAR I Alliances Dual Alliance---Germany and Austria— 1879 Agreed to help each other if attacked by Russia 1882 Triple Alliance—Italy joins. If any three are attacked each one responds in kind Central Powers the addition of the Ottoman Empire

WORLD WAR I Alliances Triple Entente France Great Britain Russia viewed Germany as a threat Triple Entente becomes the Allied Powers

World War I Alliances

World War I Immediate Cause The Balkans— The Powder Keg of Europe

World War I Immediate Cause Archduke Franz Ferdinand heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary Sarajevo (Capital of Bosnia) Occupied by Slavs and Serbians Assassinated on June 28, 1914 by Gavrilo Princip a Serbian Nationalist

World War I Crash Course World History #36 http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=_XPZQ 0 LAl R 4

World War I

World War I

World War I

World War I

World War I Immediate Cause What happens after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand? sends Austria Serbia 1) Serbia must end all anti-Austria agitation. 2) Punish any Serbian official involved in the plot. 3) Must let Austria join the investigation However, Ultimatum (final list of demands)

World War I July 28, 1914 --Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia. --Germany declares war on Russia and France. --Great Britain is threatened and declares war on Germany on August 4, 1914.

World War I How does the United States get involved? Lusitania--a British cruise liner

World War I German Perspective They believed the ship was armed with weapons. Result—American public opinion of the war changes for the worse

World War I Lustania

World War I Zimmermann Note German Foreign Minister Arthur Zimmermann Ambassador to Mexico Germany would help Mexico “to reconquer the lost territory in New Mexico, Texas and Arizona” Intercepted by the British in 1917 Wilson declares war in April 1917

World War I Zimmermann Note A 1917 Clifford K. Berryman political cartoon depicting a personified Germany carving up the United States after a never-to-materialize victory over America and its allies. Image Credit: Library of Congress

World War I Results Treatry of Versailles War Guilt Clause, Germany was responsible for starting World War I Allies divided up Germany’s colonies Germany had to pay reparations to the victors Reduced Germany’s military, no army or navy

World War I Treaty of Versailles http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=g. Kz. Z 1 O w. PXgk